Table 1.

Antioxidant activity of CGA isomers determined using ABTS, NO radical scavenging, and ORAC assays

CGA isomers	Antioxidant activity (mmol Trolox equivalents/mmol)
	ABTS	NO radical scavenging	ORAC
3-CQA	0.97 ± 0.02a	6.62 ± 0.25a	3.44 ± 0.09a
5-CQA	0.88 ± 0.04b	6.24 ± 0.43a	3.45 ± 0.06a
4-CQA	1.01 ± 0.01a	6.04 ± 0.97a	3.47 ± 0.09a
3,5-diCQA	1.88 ± 0.04ce	10.10 ± 0.49b	5.07 ± 0.14b
3,4-diCQA	1.96 ± 0.02cd	9.23 ± 0.36b	5.49 ± 0.15c
4,5-diCQA	1.86 ± 0.04e	10.18 ± 0.58b	4.53 ± 0.12d

Values represent means ± standard deviation of triplicate assays. Superscript letters indicate differences in antioxidant values of CGA isomers within ABTS, NO radical scavenging and ORAC assays, respectively, identified by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc analysis at p < 0.05