Table 1.
Participant Demographic Characteristics, by Study Group
| HIV Negative, Cognitively Normal (n = 19) | HIV Positive, Cognitively Normal (n = 15) | HIV Positive, Cognitively Impaired (n = 17) | HIV-Negative, Symptomatic Alzheimer Disease (n = 20) | P a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 61.4 ± 6.1 | 62.1 ± 7.4 | 58.5 ± 6.3 | 73.1 ± 7.2b | <.001 |
| Sex | .4 | ||||
| Male | 11 (58) | 9 (60) | 13 (76) | 10 (50) | |
| Female | 8 (42) | 6 (40) | 4 (24) | 10 (50) | |
| Education duration, y, mean ± SD | 14.1 ± 2.3 | 13.1 ± 3.0 | 12.5 ± 2.9 | 16.9 ± 2.6b | .001 |
| CD4+ T-cell count, median (IQR) | |||||
| Nadir | NA | 50 (10–113) | 110 (11–454) | NA | .2 |
| Recent | NA | 527 (372–680) | 568 (423–866) | NA | .5 |
| Duration of HIV infection, mo, median (IQR) | NA | 312 (172–338) | 229 (90–273) | NA | .06 |
| HIV load | .7 | ||||
| Undetectable | NA | 13 | 13 | NA | |
| Detectable | NA | 2 | 4 | NA | |
| Self-reported marijuana use in past 6 mo, participants, % | 11 | 40 | 35 | … | .13 |
| Self-reported alcohol use in past 6 mo, participants, % | 74 | 53 | 59 | … | .30 |
| Current smoker, participants, % | 16 | 33 | 41 | … | .27 |
| Tau PET SUVR, by ROI | |||||
| Amygdala | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.0 (0.3) | 1.6 (0.8)b | .04 |
| Entorhinal | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.4 (0.7)b | .017 |
| Inferior temporal | 1.2 (0.1) | 1.3 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.2) | 2.0 (1.0)b | .005 |
| Lateral occipital | 1.2 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.6 (0.8) | .19 |
| Caudate | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.0 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.2)b | .07 |
| Putamen | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.2 (0.3) | 1.7 (0.3) | .51 |
| Frontal | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.3 (0.6)b | .05 |
Data are no. (%) of participants, unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable; PET, positron emission tomography; ROI, region of interest; SUVR, standardized uptake value ratio.
aBy analysis of variance, the t test, or χ2 analysis.
bSignificantly different from values in the other 3 groups. No other significant group differences were observed.