Table IV.
Characteristics associated with anxiety and QOL
| Parameter | AnxietyZungMedian (IQR) | P-value | TotalMinnesotaMedian (IQR) | P-value | Physical StateMinnesotaMedian (IQR) | P-value | Mental StateMinnesotaMedian (IQR) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender: | ||||||||
| Male | 43 (34–52) | < 0.001 | 66 (53–78) | 0.079 | 32 (24–35) | 0.011 | 14 (8–18) | 0.110 |
| Female | 50 (47–54) | 69 (63–76.5) | 35 (31.5–37) | 15.5 (13–18.5) | ||||
| Age [years]: | ||||||||
| ≤ 70 | 45 (36–50) | 0.174 | 62 (56–72) | 0.194 | 31 (25–35) | 0.085 | 14 (9–17) | 0.201 |
| > 70 | 48 (41–54) | 68 (61–78) | 33.5 (29–37) | 15 (11–19) | ||||
| Marital status: | ||||||||
| Married | 45 (36–52) | 0.241 | 67 (56–76) | 0.205 | 32 (26–35) | 0.055 | 14 (9–17) | 0.047 |
| Single/divorced/widowed | 48 (43–54) | 68.5 (61–78) | 34.5 (30–37) | 16.5 (11–20) | ||||
| Education: | ||||||||
| Primary school | 48.5 (43.5–54.5) | 0.127 | 69 (60–76) | 0.699 | 33 (29–37) | 0.348 | 16 (13–18) | 0.254 |
| Secondary school | 45 (34–53) | 68 (51–77) | 34 (26–36) | 14 (8–17) | ||||
| University/MSc, PhD | 43.5 (39–51) | 63 (54–78) | 31 (27–35) | 14 (5–19) | ||||
| Job: | ||||||||
| Unemployed | 45 (43–46) | 0.306 | 72 (67–77) | 0.303 | 32 (31–36) | 0.160 | 16 (9–17) | 0.205 |
| Employee | 40 (31–54) | 60 (41–72) | 27 (18–35) | 11 (4–16) | ||||
| Pensioner | 47 (39–54) | 68 (60–78) | 33.5 (29–37) | 15 (12–20) | ||||
| Residence: | ||||||||
| Attica | 45 (38–54) | 0.396 | 66 (57.5–77.5) | 0.202 | 33 (28–36) | 0.250 | 14 (9–18) | 0.142 |
| Capital city | 49 (45–56) | 73 (68–81) | 36 (28–37) | 17 (14–21) | ||||
| Small town | 47 (40–52) | 68 (57–77) | 32 (25–34) | 17 (13–18) | ||||
| Living alone: | ||||||||
| No | 46 (38–53) | 0.931 | 66 (56–77) | 0.228 | 32.5 (27–35) | 0.128 | 14 (9–17) | 0.220 |
| Yes | 45 (40–52) | 70 (62–78) | 35 (28–37) | 16 (11–20) | ||||
| Degree of information about health: | ||||||||
| Very | 47.5 (33.5–54.5) | 0.216 | 68 (56–78) | 0.901 | 33 (27–35) | 0.791 | 13 (4–17) | 0.228 |
| Enough | 45 (39–52) | 68 (59–78) | 32 (27–37) | 14 (12–19) | ||||
| A little/Not at all | 49 (42–55) | 67 (57–76) | 33 (29–36) | 17 (10–19) | ||||
| Years having the heart problem: | ||||||||
| < 6 | 48.5 (40–52) | 0.520 | 68 (60–73) | 0.530 | 33 (27–36) | 0.731 | 15 (11–17) | 0.661 |
| 6–10 | 47.5 (41–54.5) | 65.5 (60.5–73.5) | 33.5 (29.5–36) | 15.5 (9.5–17.5) | ||||
| 11–15 | 43 (36–53) | 63.5 (50–79) | 32 (26–36) | 14 (7–19) | ||||
| > 15 | 45 (39–56) | 71 (62–79) | 33.5 (31–37) | 15.5 (13–21) | ||||
| Prior hospitalization due to HF: | ||||||||
| No | 45 (34–50) | 0.318 | 62 (43–69) | 0.077 | 30 (18–36) | 0.142 | 14 (9–17) | 0.195 |
| Yes | 47 (40–54) | 68 (58.5–78) | 33 (28–36) | 15 (10–19.5) | ||||
| NYHA: | ||||||||
| I–III | 43 (36–50) | < 0.001 | 61.5 (52–69) | < 0.001 | 29 (24–33) | < 0.001 | 13.5 (6.5–17) | < 0.001 |
| IV | 52 (45–56) | 76 (66–81) | 36 (34–38) | 17 (13–21) | ||||