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. 2019 Jun 5;51(6):65. doi: 10.1038/s12276-019-0264-9

Fig. 8. Metformin treatment reduces phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (pERK1/2) expression in Huntington disease (HD) mice.

Fig. 8

a Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the cortex of Huntington disease (HD) and control mice using the anti-pERK1/2 antibody. Representative images of each condition are shown (bar: 50 µm). b Semiquantitative analysis of IHC staining using the ImageJ software. Samples from four independent mice from each group, except for HD-treated mice, of which we used six mice, were analyzed. These mice generated the following material: 12 cortex pictures from untreated wild-type (WT), 12 cortex pictures from treated wild-type (WT metformin), 12 cortex pictures from untreated zQ175 (HD), and 18 cortex pictures from HD treated (HD metformin) mice. The analyzed area in each picture was 90,488 μm2. HD mice showed higher levels of pERK1/2 than WT mice (p = 0.011). Treatment with metformin reduced pERK1/2 levels (p = 0.013) to levels similar to those in WT mice (p = 0.686). Values are the mean, and bars indicate the confidence interval (95% CI)