Fig. 6.

Effect of VWC2 on in vitro mineralization in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. a MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with PBS (control), VWC2 (500 ng/ml), activin A (250 ng/ml), or VWC2 and activin A, cultured for 28 days, and stained with Alizarin red S. The experiments were performed at least 6 times and the representative image for each treatment group was shown. b Quantitation of nodule number in each treatment group. Based on three experiments, the mean numbers of mineralized nodules (+SD) were presented with statistical analysis. ***P value < 0.001, *P value < 0.05