Table 4.
Patient background
| Male: Female | 14:13 | |
| Age (years) | 72.3 ± 9.2 | (range 47–84) |
| Education (years) | 12.2 ± 3.2 | (range 3–16) |
| Duration from symptom onset (years) | 1.3 ± 1.2 | |
| (< 1 year | 7 persons) | |
| (≥ 1, < 2 years | 12 persons) | |
| (≥ 2, < 3 years | 4 persons) | |
| (≥ 3, < 4 years | 3 persons) | |
| (≥ 4, < 5 years | 0 person) | |
| (≥ 5, < 6 years | 1 person) | |
| Clinical assessment scores | ||
| UPDRS | ||
| Part III (motor score) | 16.7 ± 8.2 | (range 5–31) |
| Tremor | 2.6 ± 2.6 | (range 0–10) |
| Rigidity | 3.0 ± 2.3 | (range 0–10) |
| Bradykinesia | 6.4 ± 4.4 | (range 0–16) |
| Gait | 2.5 ± 2.0 | (range 0–7) |
| Postural instability | 2.4 ± 1.9 | (range 0–6) |
| MoCA | 21.7 ± 5.5 | (range 9–28) |
| COGNISTAT | ||
| Orientation | 8.9 ± 1.3 | (range 6–10) |
| Attention | 6.3 ± 3.8 | (range 1–10) |
| Language-comprehension | 8.7 ± 2.9 | (range 1–10) |
| Language-repetition | 8.6 ± 2.3 | (range 4–11) |
| Language-naming | 9.0 ± 1.6 | (range 5–10) |
| Construction | 7.5 ± 1.8 | (range 4–11) |
| Memory | 7.5 ± 1.7 | (range 5–10) |
| Calculation | 8.6 ± 2.5 | (range 2–10) |
| Similarity | 9.1 ± 1.2 | (range 6–11) |
| Judgement | 9.8 ± 1.3 | (range 7–12) |
| CSF protein levels | ||
| Total αS (pg/ml) | 1517.3 ± 654.3 | (range 573–3387) |
| O-αS (RLU/s) | 107,019.5 ± 20,203.1 | (range 74,867–161,685) |
| Aβ1–42 (pg/ml) | 427.1 ± 159.7 | (range 206.4–724.5) |
| Total tau (pg/ml) | 38.4 ± 21.2 | (range 11.2–93.9) |
| P-tau181p (pg/ml) | 15.3 ± 6.1 | (range 5.8–29.9) |
Scores are shown as Mean ± Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; MoCA, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; COGNISTAT, the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination; Total αS, Total α-synuclein; O-αS, Oligomeric α-synuclein; P-Tau181p, tau phosphorylated at threonine 181