Table 4.

Multiple linear regression analysis of MT and PA on RASM, grip strength, gait speed or SPPB

Variables	Male			Female
β	t	p	β	t	p
RASM
Anterior radial muscle thickness	-0.042	-0.498	0.620	0.042	0.575	0.566
Anterior ulnar muscle thickness	0.164	1.952	0.054	0.066	0.856	0.394
Posterior tibial muscle thickness	0.211	2.205	0.030	0.083	0.903	0.368
Posterior fibula muscle thickness	0.018	0.196	0.845	0.272	3.349	0.001
PA (Gastrocnemius lateralis)	-0.121	-1.553	0.124	0.005	0.076	0.939
PA (Gastrocnemius medialis)	-0.145	-1.790	0.077	-0.107	-1.624	0.106
Grip strength
Anterior radial muscle thickness	0.051	0.471	0.639	-0.035	-0.405	0.686
Anterior ulnar muscle thickness	0.537	4.965	0.001	0.283	3.167	0.002
Posterior tibial muscle thickness	-0.025	-0.204	0.838	0.015	0.139	0.890
Posterior fibula muscle thickness	-0.030	-0.251	0.803	0.148	1.574	0.118
PA (Gastrocnemius lateralis)	0.038	0.381	0.704	0.069	0.878	0.381
PA (Gastrocnemius medialis)	-0.124	-1.187	0.239	0.046	0.597	0.552
Gait speed
Anterior radial muscle thickness	0.099	0.760	0.449	-0.081	-0.959	0.339
Anterior ulnar muscle thickness	-0.095	-0.723	0.472	0.213	2.391	0.018
Posterior tibial muscle thickness	-0.139	-0.935	0.352	0.006	0.059	0.953
Posterior fibula muscle thickness	0.060	0.413	0.681	0.140	1.491	0.138
PA (Gastrocnemius lateralis)	-0.045	-0.374	0.709	0.045	0.572	0.568
PA (Gastrocnemius medialis)	-0.099	-0.785	0.435	0.187	2.449	0.015
SPPB
Anterior radial muscle thickness	0.059	0.492	0.624	0.020	0.215	0.830
Anterior ulnar muscle thickness	0.012	0.097	0.923	0.004	0.043	0.965
Posterior tibial muscle thickness	-0.028	-0.209	0.835	0.133	1.169	0.244
Posterior fibula muscle thickness	0.034	0.259	0.796	-0.058	-0.570	0.570
PA (Gastrocnemius lateralis)	0.044	0.396	0.693	0.034	0.401	0.689
PA (Gastrocnemius medialis)	-0.081	-0.701	0.485	0.179	2.171	0.031

Notes: Adjustment for age and BMI, β standardized coefficient.

Abbreviations: RASM, relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass; PA, pennation angle; SPPB, short physical performance battery.