Table 4.
Effects of dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels on body chemical composition, liver and muscle lipid content, and nutrient retention efficiency in two strains of gibel carp.
| Diet | Strain | Crude lipid content (%) | Crude protein (%) | Ash (%) | Moisture (%) | PRE (%)1 | LRE (%)2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fish body | Liver | Muscle | |||||||
| HCLF | A | 8.16 ± 0.41 | 7.11 ± 1.07 | 1.86 ± 0.15a | 18.04 ± 0.97 | 4.02 ± 0.35 | 67.71 ± 2.16 | 35.24 ± 2.49b | 275.66 ± 17.05d |
| F | 8.75 ± 0.53 | 7.50 ± 1.90 | 2.76 ± 0.16cd | 16.57 ± 1.25 | 3.85 ± 0.08 | 68.26 ± 2.01 | 33.9 ± 0.53b | 367.09 ± 17.16e | |
| MCMF | A | 8.90 ± 0.35 | 6.26 ± 0.71 | 2.89 ± 0.14d | 14.88 ± 0.19 | 3.33 ± 0.10 | 70.8 ± 0.51 | 35.82 ± 2.45b | 95.28 ± 4.41bc |
| F | 9.41 ± 0.40 | 6.02 ± 0.80 | 2.27 ± 0.24abc | 14.64 ± 0.13 | 3.57 ± 0.03 | 69.8 ± 0.56 | 38.77 ± 0.55b | 127.37 ± 5.40c | |
| LCHF | A | 8.71 ± 0.14 | 3.87 ± 0.69 | 2.51 ± 0.16bcd | 14.89 ± 0.12 | 3.25 ± 0.04 | 71.16 ± 0.32 | 28.14 ± 2.49a | 41.11 ± 3.88a |
| F | 9.03 ± 0.77 | 4.35 ± 0.75 | 2.07 ± 0.11ab | 15.00 ± 0.40 | 3.73 ± 0.09 | 69.46 ± 1.07 | 45.93 ± 0.77c | 77.53 ± 3.00b | |
| MEANS OF MAIN EFFECT | |||||||||
| Diet | |||||||||
| HCLF | 7.31 ± 0.76Y | 17.30 ± 0.78Y | 3.93 ± 0.17Y | ||||||
| MCMF | 6.14 ± 0.76XY | 14.76 ±0.12X | 3.45 ± 0.07X | ||||||
| LCHF | 4.11 ± 0.76 X | 14.94 ± 0.19X | 3.49 ± 0.12X | ||||||
| Strain | |||||||||
| A | |||||||||
| F | |||||||||
| P | Strain | 0.241 | 0.820 | 0.124 | 0.350 | 0.183 | 0.521 | 0.001 | <0.001 |
| Diet | 0.363 | 0.030 | 0.011 | 0.004 | 0.017 | 0.171 | 0.288 | <0.001 | |
| S × D | 0.956 | 0.940 | 0.009 | 0.492 | 0.154 | 0.691 | <0.001 | 0.026 | |
HCLL, High Carbohydrate Low Lipid, 45% carbohydrate, 2% lipid; MCML, Medium Carbohydrate Medium Lipid, 30% carbohydrate, 8% lipid; LCHL, Low Carbohydrate High Lipid, 15% carbohydrate, 14% lipid.
PRE, Protein retention efficiency.
LRE, Lipid retention efficiency.
Values are expressed as means ± s.e.m. of three replicates. Significant differences among all groups are indicated by different superscripts on each column (a, b, or c) (P < 0.05). The uppercase letters A and B represent significant differences between strains; and the uppercase letters X, Y, and Z represent significant differences among diets (P < 0.05).