Bastian 2012.
Methods | Setting: USA Recruitment: participants identified from electronic medical records. Eligibility assessment in person and selected for motivation to quit |
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Participants | 471 smoker; 8.5% female, average age 59; heaviness of smoking index mean 2.8 Therapists: masters‐level counsellors with training |
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Interventions | Pharmacotherapy: NRT; inhaler, patch, spray and/or bupropion (regimen and dosage dependent on the number of cigarettes smoked per day and tobacco cessation anxiety) 1. Usual care: 5 telephone sessions every 3‐4 weeks; each session lasting 20 minutes 2. Family‐supported 5 telephone sessions every 3‐4 weeks; each session lasting 20 minutes |
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Outcomes | 7‐day point prevalence abstinence at 5 and 12 months Validation: attempted verification by mailing saliva‐sampling kits to test for cotinine level but the return rates were low (50.5%) |
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Source of Funding/CoI | Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, and Health Services Research and Development. Authors declared a consultancy to Gilead Sciences and Watermark Research Partners. | |
Notes | New for 2019 update | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Insufficient details given |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No details given |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Low rates of return when biochemical validation was attempted, but contact‐matched so differential misreport judged unlikely |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | 21.7 to 28.4% lost to follow‐up rate |