Patten 2017.
| Methods | Setting: USA, YMCA and worksite fitness centres Recruitment: by provider referrals and flyers posted in the clinics, and radio and newspaper advertisements. Willing to quit |
|
| Participants | 30 participants, 100% female, average age: control: 38.0 ± 11.0; intervention: 37.0 ± 10.0, average cigs/day: ≥ 10 Therapists: certified wellness coaches with a master's degree in clinical psychology or bachelor's degree in health education |
|
| Interventions | Pharmacotherapy: 4‐week supply of nicotine patches at weeks 2 and 6 Intervention: exercise counselling delivered while the participant was engaged in exercise. The individual‐based counselling included social cognitive theory–based assessment and problem‐solving of exercise barriers, reinforcement (shaping) of exercise, and methods to enhance exercise self‐efficacy, using a motivational interviewing counselling style. Total contact time: 36 X 30‐ to 40‐minute sessions = 1080 minutes Control: health education. Individual‐based sessions, lectures, handouts, films, and discussions covered various women's health and lifestyle issues. Total contact time: 36 X 30‐ to 40‐minute sessions = 1080 minutes |
|
| Outcomes | Abstinence: 7‐day point prevalence at 12 weeks and 6 months Validation: saliva cotinine (abstinent if < 10 ng/mL) |
|
| Source of Funding/CoI | Funding: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health No declarations of interest |
|
| Notes | New for 2019 update A small number of participants attended all 36 sessions (n = 3 for intervention and n = 1 for control) |
|
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No details reported |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | "[A]llocation to treatment conditions was unknown to the study staff or investigators prior to assignment and participants completed baseline assessments prior to being informed of their allocation to treatment condition. A study coordinator blinded to allocation group conducted all follow‐ups in‐person". However, no description of how allocation was concealed. |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Biochemically validated |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Low attrition in each group: 15.6% |