Wewers 2017.
| Methods | Setting: USA, community Recruitment: recruited from Ohio Appalachian counties. Inclusion criteria included willingness to participate in study protocol. |
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| Participants | 707 participants Female: Community Health Worker Face‐to‐Face (CHWF2F): 65.7%; Community Health Worker Quitline (CHWQL): 69.8% Age: • CHWF2F: 18 to 24: 4.5%; 25 to 54: 62.9%; ≥ 55: 32.6% • CHWQL: 18 to 24: 5.4%; 25 to 54: 65.8%; ≥ 55: 28.8% Average cigs/day: CHWF2F: 22.3 (SD 11.7); CHWQL: 20.9 (SD 9.2) Therapists: • CHWF2F: community health worker and a registered nurse employed in the county public health department clinic • CHWQL: community health worker and quitline services provided by trained counsellors from National Jewish Health |
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| Interventions | Pharmacotherapy: • CHWF2F: a new 21 mg nicotine patch at the start of each visit, beginning on quit‐day and lasting for 8 weeks • CHWQL: up to two mailings of a 4‐week supply of free 21 mg nicotine patches. To receive the second 4‐week supply of free NRT, each participant was required to have completed at least two proactive counselling calls 1. CHWF2F: 7 face‐to‐face 30‐minute sessions with a community health worker 2. CHWQL: 1 face‐to‐face 30‐minute session with a community health worker, followed by up to five proactive telephone counselling sessions, and unlimited reactive calls from the participant, with a quitline |
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| Outcomes | Abstinence: prolonged abstinence at 3, 6, and 12 months, after a 2‐week post‐quit date grace period Validation: saliva cotinine level < 15 ng/mL, expired air CO level < 8 ppm |
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| Source of Funding/CoI | National Institutes of Health. No declarations of interest | |
| Notes | New for 2019 update | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No detail given |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No detail given |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Biochemically validated |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Similar attrition in study groups. CHWF2F: 14.4%; CHWQL: 14.7% |