Table 1.
Location, coordinates, sampling site characteristics, and average concentration of particulate matter captured on the hornbeam leaves.
| Location | ID | GPS coordinates (latitude longitude) | Hornbeam sampling area characteristics | Average PM10 (μg/cm2) ± SE | Average PM2.5 (μg/cm2) ± SE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Warsaw | Wa11;14 | 52.236880 21.001079 | Park near Grzybowska str. | 7.54 ± 0.25* | 3.70 ± 0.42* |
| Wa22;24 | 52.236997 21.003501 | Slow-traffic intersection | 9.33 ± 0.63* | 4.71 ± 0.77* | |
| Wa33;34 | 52.253019 21.012416 | Multimedialny park | 6.03 ± 1.40* | 3.59 ± 0.22* | |
| Bóbrka | Bo13;14 | 49.616790 21.708230 | Oil well near entrance | 2.38 ± 0.27 | 2.84 ± 0.19 |
| Bo23;24 | 49.617820 21.705440 | Oil well in deep forest | 3.52 ± 0.68 | 3.08 ± 0.46 | |
| Bo32;33 | 49.618590 21.703850 | Oil pipes in deep forest | 3.27 ± 0.16 | 3.43 ± 0.21 | |
| Białowieża | Bi31;32 | 52.814444 23.935028 | North entrance | 3.32 ± 0.59 | 2.52 ± 0.29 |
| Bi42;43 | 52.813127 23.932727 | Deeper in forest | 3.17 ± 0.17 | 2.30 ± 0.22 | |
| Bi51;53 | 52.814010 23.928421 | Walking path in forest | 3.12 ± 0.83 | 2.51 ± 0.23 |
∗Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05, n = 3 replicates of 250-cm2 leaf surface area) between sampling areas (Kruskal–Wallis H test).