Figure 2.

PAD activity in serum after CABG surgery. ELISA microtiter plates coated with human fibrinogen were incubated for 4 hrs with sera from 36 patients who had undergone CABG surgery, either with 1 mM DTT (+DTT) or without additives (no DTT). As negative control, each serum was tested in the presence of 25 mM EDTA. (A) PAD activity in serum among smokers and non-smokers before surgery. (B) PAD activity in serum of smokers and non-smokers after surgery. (C) PAD activity at baseline in serum containing 1 mM DTT. (D) PAD activity of all untreated serum samples before and after surgery. Citrullination was measured using anti-citrullinated fibrinogen mAb (20B2) recognizing a citrullinated epitope in fibrinogen. Data are expressed as average OD of duplicate measurements after subtraction of the negative controls, and median and interquartile ranges of the dataset are shown. ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001.

Abbreviations: PAD, peptidylarginine deiminase; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; DTT, dithiothreitol.