Table 1.

Participant demographics, headache characteristics, and prior healthcare and smartphone app utilization

Participant	N = 51
Female	48 (94%)
Age	Mean = 39 ± 13 [19, 66]
Current (mean, SD, range)	Median 35, IQR = 21
Age when headache began (mean, SD, range)	Mean = 21 ± 12 [5, 55]
	Median=17, IQR=18
Race/ethnicity
White/Caucasian	38 (75%)
African American	4 (8%)
Other	8 (16%)
Missing	1 (2%)
Overlapping pain conditions
1+ pain conditions	20 (39%)
Chronic back pain	12 (23%)
Arthritis	9 (8%)
Fibromyalgia	4 (8%)
Irritable bowel syndrome	6 (12%)
Reported prior psychiatric conditions
Anxiety	20 (39%)
Depression	17 (33%)
Positive family history of headache	39 (76%)
Headache characteristics
Average number of headache days/month: (mean, SD, range)	Mean = 13 ± 8 [4, 31]
	Median = 10, IQR = 2
Average pain intensity (0–10 pain scale): (mean, SD, range)	Mean = 6 ± 2 [3, 10]
	Median = 6, IQR = 4
Current pain intensity (0–10 pain scale): (mean, SD, range)	Mean = 2 ± 2 [0, 7]
	Median = 2, IQR = 5
MIDAS (sum of the first five questions)	Mean = 53 ± 64 [0, 350]
	Median = 26, IQR = 2
Little or no disability (grade 1: 0–5)	0–5 = 6
Mild disability (grade II: 6–10)	6–10 = 7
Moderate disability (grade III:11–20)	11–20 = 6
Severe disability (grade IV: 21+)	21+ = 32
Psychiatric Screens
PROMIS depression (Sum)	Mean = 50 ± 10 [31, 73]
PROMIS anxiety (Sum)	Mean = 50 ± 10 [31, 75]
Have you previously been to the emergency department for headaches?
No visits	34 (67%)
1–5	13 (25%)
5–10	2 (4%)
>10	2 (4%)
Have you previously done any of the behavioral therapies for migraine:
Yes	15 (29%)
Cognitive behavioral therapy	11 (21%)
Biofeedback	6 (11%)
Progressive muscle relaxation	2 (4%)
Medication usage
Prior history of migraine preventive medications	38 (75%)
Prior history of abortive medication	51 (100%)
History opioid use	9 (18%)
History of triptan	41 (80%)
Tylenol	34 (67%)
Advil	42 (82%)
Aleve	38 (75%)
Excedrin	30 (59%)

ED = Emergency Department, App = Application