Figure 3.

Cumulative probability of emergence of adults vs. time since hatching and analysis of experimental effects on probability of emergence. Males had a higher hazard of emerging than did females. Cox regression: Density: Wald χ2 = 10.48, df = 1, p = 0.0012; Sex: Wald χ2 = 36.63, df = 1, p < 0.0001; Density x sex: Wald χ2 = 1.73, df = 1, p = 0.1889; Wing length: Wald χ2 = 5.55, df = 1, p = 0.0185; Spatial block: Wald χ2 = 906.89, df = 19, p < 0.0001. See text for more details. H = High density, L = Low density, F = female, M = male.