TABLE 3.
Prevalence of use of selected nutrient-containing DSs and daily intake for users of selected nutrients, US infants and toddlers aged 0–23.9 mo, NHANES 2007–20141
| Total population prevalence2 (0–11.9 mo)% (95% CI) (n = 1708) | Daily intake of selected nutrients among users of DSs3 (0–11.9 mo) | Total population prevalence2 (12–23.9 mo)% (95% CI) (n = 1115) | Daily intake of selected nutrients among users of DSs3 (12–23.9 mo) | Total population prevalence2 (0–23.9 mo)% (95% CI) (n = 2823) | Daily intake of selected nutrients among users of DSs3 (0–23.9 mo) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient | n | Median | IQR | n | Median | IQR | n | Median | IQR | |||
| Vitamin D [ergocalciferol (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3)], μg | 10.6 (8.7, 12.8)4 | 160 | 6.7 | 2.3–9.6 | 18.2 (15.5, 21.1) | 183 | 4.9 | 2.4–8.9 | 14.4 (12.5, 16.4) | 343 | 5.0 | 2.3–9.6 |
| Vitamin A, μg RAE | 7.1 (5.6, 9.0)4 | 113 | 293 | 99–421 | 17.5 (14.8, 20.4) | 177 | 300 | 173–444 | 12.3 (10.6, 14.1) | 290 | 300 | 131–441 |
| Retinol, μg | 7.1 (5.6, 9.0)4 | 113 | 293 | 99–421 | 17.3 (14.6, 20.2) | 175 | 298 | 166–450 | 12.2 (10.5, 14.0) | 288 | 297 | 143–450 |
| Vitamin C, mg | 6.8 (5.3, 8.5)4 | 110 | 22.6 | 7.7–32.3 | 18.3 (15.9, 21.0) | 185 | 17.0 | 8.9–33.5 | 12.5 (11.0, 14.2) | 295 | 18.8 | 8.0–33.0 |
| Vitamin E, mg tocopherol | 4.3 (3.1, 5.7)4 | 79 | 1.8 | 0.6–3.1 | 15.5 (12.9, 18.4) | 156 | 6.7 | 2.7–8.9 | 9.9 (8.3, 11.6) | 235 | 3.5 | 2.0–8.0 |
| Thiamin (vitamin B-1), mg | 3.5 (2.6, 4.7)4 | 78 | 0.3 | 0.1–0.4 | 8.1 (6.3, 10.2) | 94 | 0.4 | 0.2–0.8 | 5.8 (4.7, 7.1) | 172 | 0.4 | 0.1–0.5 |
| Riboflavin (vitamin B-2), mg | 3.5 (2.6, 4.7)4 | 78 | 0.3 | 0.1–0.5 | 8.2 (6.4, 10.3) | 95 | 0.5 | 0.3–1.0 | 5.8 (4.7, 7.1) | 173 | 0.5 | 0.2–0.6 |
| Niacin, mg | 4.2 (3.1, 5.6)4 | 78 | 4.5 | 1.3–7.3 | 8.7 (6.9, 10.8) | 95 | 7.3 | 2.4–9.5 | 6.4 (5.3, 7.8) | 173 | 5.7 | 2.0–7.9 |
| Vitamin B-6, mg | 3.6 (2.6, 4.8)4 | 79 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.4 | 15.1 (12.4, 18.0) | 156 | 0.4 | 0.2–0.9 | 9.3 (7.7, 11.0) | 235 | 0.4 | 0.2–0.8 |
| Vitamin B-12, μg | 3.1 (2.1, 4.4)4 | 60 | 0.9 | 0.3–1.8 | 14.4 (11.9, 17.2) | 143 | 2.0 | 1.0–3.0 | 8.7 (7.3, 10.4) | 203 | 1.8 | 0.9–2.9 |
| Folic acid, μg | 0.1 (0.0, 0.5) | — | — | — | 10.9 (8.9, 13.3) | 104 | 95.1 | 53.7–165.1 | 5.5 (4.4, 6.7) | 108 | 95.1 | 52.7–166.9 |
| Folate (DFE), μg | 0.1 (0.0, 0.5) | — | — | — | 10.9 (8.9, 13.3) | 104 | 161.8 | 91.4–280.6 | 5.5 (4.4, 6.7) | 108 | 161.8 | 89.7–283.6 |
| Total choline, mg | — | — | — | — | 5.8 (4.2, 7.6) | 64 | 0.4 | 0.05–18.3 | 2.9 (2.1, 3.8) | 65 | 0.4 | 0.05–18.3 |
| Calcium, mg | 0.1 (0.0, 0.4) | — | — | — | 4.1 (2.7, 5.9) | 42 | 16.7 | 7.4–71.8 | 2.1 (1.4, 3.0) | 45 | 16.9 | 7.4–73.1 |
| Magnesium, mg | 0.1 (0.0, 0.3) | — | — | — | 5.0 (3.6, 6.8) | 49 | 3.0 | 0.9–10.0 | 2.5 (1.8, 3.4) | 51 | 3.0 | 0.9–10.1 |
| Iodine, μg | 0.1 (0.0, 0.3) | — | — | — | 4.9 (3.3, 6.8) | 47 | 14.1 | 7.8–20.5 | 2.5 (1.7, 3.5) | 48 | 14.0 | 7.6–20.4 |
| Iron, mg | 1.6 (1.0, 2.4)4 | 30 | 8.3 | 2.9–9.6 | 4.8 (3.4, 6.7) | 56 | 7.2 | 2.7–14.1 | 3.2 (2.4, 4.2) | 86 | 7.4 | 2.7–12.2 |
| Zinc, mg | 0.2 (0.0, 0.5) | — | — | — | 10.7 (8.6, 13.1) | 102 | 1.3 | 0.8–2.4 | 5.4 (4.3, 6.7) | 107 | 1.3 | 0.8–2.5 |
Source: CDC/NCHS, NHANES 2007–2014. Estimates with — are suppressed and do not meet NCHS data presentation standards (22). DFE, dietary folate equivalent; DS, dietary supplement; NCHS, National Center for Health Statistics; RAE, retinol activity equivalent.
Percentages and 95% CIs of any use of a DS containing the indicated nutrient in the total population (users and nonusers).
Median and IQR (25th and 75th quartile) for average daily intake for users of a DS containing the indicated nutrient.
Statistically significant difference between toddlers aged 12–23 mo, P < 0.05.
Value appears as 0.0 because of rounding; actual value for 25th percentile, 0.001 for 0–23.9 mo and 12–23.9 mo.