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The chemical structures of flavonoid-based (17-20), xanthone-based (21 and 22), and resveratrol-based (23) GAG mimetics. The seven mimetics demonstrated significant antithrombotic activity by inhibiting the coagulation proteins and/or inhibiting the arachidonic acid-and adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation. Molecules 19-21 are direct FXa inhibitors whereas molecules 17, 18, and 22 exhibit indirect inhibition of FXa by activating ATIII.
