Table 2.
Macronutrient content of red seaweeds
| Reference | Seaweed | Country | Date harvested | Protein (%) | Percent RNI supplied by 5-g portion | Lipid (%) | Percent RNI supplied by 5-g portion | Carbohydrate (%) | Percent RNI supplied by 5-g portion | Fiber (%) | Percent RNI supplied by 5-g portion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Ahnfeltia plicata | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 31.10 | 3.11 | 1.10 | 0.08 | 59.10 | 1.14 | – | – |
| Marsham et al (2007)27 | Ceramium spp | United Kingdom | – | 31.20 | 3.12 | 0.60 | 0.04 | – | – | 33.70 | 5.62 |
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Chondrus crispus | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 26.40 | 2.64 | 1.00 | 0.07 | 53.30 | 1.03 | – | – |
| Marsham et al (2007)27 | Corallina officinalis | United Kingdom | – | 6.90 | 0.69 | 0.30 | 0.02 | – | – | 9.40 | 1.57 |
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Delesseria sanguinea | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 23.40 | 2.34 | 1.20 | 0.09 | 51.20 | 0.98 | – | – |
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Dilsea carnosa | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 21.50 | 2.15 | 1.20 | 0.09 | 53.00 | 1.02 | – | – |
| Marsham et al (2007)27 | Dumontia contorta | United Kingdom | – | 31.70 | 3.17 | 0.12 | 0.01 | – | – | 34.30 | 5.72 |
| Matanjun et al (2009)30 | Eucheuma cottonii | Borneo | – | 9.76 | 0.98 | 1.10 | 0.08 | 26.49 | 0.51 | 25.05 | 4.18 |
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Furcellaria lumbricalis | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 20.60 | 2.06 | 1.00 | 0.07 | 55.40 | 1.07 | – | – |
| Paiva et al (2014)26 | Gelidium microdon | Azores (Portugal) | Jan 2013 | – | – | 2.44 | 0.17 | – | – | – | – |
| Marinho-Soriano et al (2006)31 | Gracilaria cervicornis | Brazil | Jul 2000 – Jun 2001 | 19.70 | 1.97 | 0.43 | 0.03 | 63.10 | 1.21 | 5.65 | 0.94 |
| El-Said & El-Sikaily (2013)21 | Gracilaria compressa | Egypt | Apr 2011 | – | – | – | – | 11.62 | 0.22 | – | – |
| Rohani-Ghadikolaei et al (2012)22 | Gracilaria corticata | Iran | – | 19.30 | 1.93 | 1.80 | 0.13 | 43.00 | 0.83 | – | – |
| Sakthivel & Devi (2015)34 | Gracilaria edulis | India | – | 0.67 | 0.07 | 0.83 | 0.06 | 10.16 | 0.20 | 8.90 | 1.48 |
| Francavilla et al (2013)35 | Gracilaria gracilis | Italy | Jul 2011 | 31.00 | 3.10 | 1.98 | 0.14 | 27.50 | 0.53 | – | – |
| Francavilla et al (2013)35 | Gracilaria gracilis | Italy | Apr 2012 | 41.00 | 4.10 | 1.40 | 0.10 | 34.10 | 0.66 | – | – |
| Francavilla et al (2013)35 | Gracilaria gracilis | Italy | Oct 2011 | 41.00 | 4.10 | 1.38 | 0.10 | 24.80 | 0.48 | – | – |
| Francavilla et al (2013)35 | Gracilaria gracilis | Italy | Jan 2012 | 45.00 | 4.50 | 1.12 | 0.08 | 31.10 | 0.60 | – | – |
| Rodrigues et al (2015)29 | Gracilaria gracilis | Portugal | Apr 2012 | 20.20 | 2.02 | 0.60 | 0.04 | 46.60 | 0.90 | – | – |
| Tabarsa et al (2012)20 | Gracilaria salicornia | Iran | Apr 2008 | 9.58 | 0.96 | 2.00 | 0.14 | – | – | 10.40 | 1.73 |
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Gracilaria vermiculophylla | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 17.80 | 1.78 | 1.30 | 0.09 | 61.90 | 1.19 | – | – |
| El-Said & El-Sikaily (2013)21 | Gracilaria verrucosa | Egypt | Apr 2011 | – | – | – | – | 11.15 | 0.21 | – | – |
| Rodrigues et al (2015)29 | Grateloupia turuturu | Portugal | Apr 2012 | 22.50 | 2.25 | 2.20 | 0.16 | 43.20 | 0.83 | – | – |
| Wong & Cheung (2000)36 | Hypnea charoides | Hong Kong | Dec 1997 | 18.40 | 1.84 | 1.48 | 0.11 | – | – | 50.30 | 8.38 |
| Wong & Cheung (2000)36 | Hypnea japonica | Hong Kong | Dec 1997 | 19.00 | 1.90 | 1.42 | 0.10 | – | – | 53.20 | 8.87 |
| Siddique (2013)37 | Hypnea musciformis | Bangladesh | May 2005 | 18.64 | 1.86 | 1.27 | 0.09 | 20.60 | 0.40 | 37.92 | 6.32 |
| El-Said & El-Sikaily (2013)21 | Hypnea musciformis | Egypt | Apr 2011 | – | – | – | – | 11.17 | 0.21 | – | – |
| Siddique (2013)37 | Hypnea pannosa | Bangladesh | May 2005 | 16.31 | 1.63 | 1.56 | 0.11 | 22.89 | 0.44 | 40.59 | 6.77 |
| Rohani-Ghadikolaei et al (2012)22 | Hypnea valentiae | Iran | – | 16.50 | 1.65 | 2.80 | 0.20 | 31.80 | 0.61 | – | – |
| El-Said & El-Sikaily (2013)21 | Jania rubens | Egypt | Apr 2011 | – | – | – | – | 12.96 | 0.25 | – | – |
| Fayaz et al (2005)38 | Kappaphycus alvarezii | India | – | 16.24 | 1.62 | 0.74 | 0.05 | 27.40 | 0.53 | 29.40 | 4.90 |
| Kumar et al (2015)39 | Kappaphycus alvarezii | India | Sep 2004 – Apr 2006 | 19.25 | 1.93 | 0.64 | 0.05 | – | – | 14.52 | 2.42 |
| Marsham et al (2007)27 | Mastocarpus stellatus | United Kingdom | – | 25.40 | 2.54 | 3.00 | 0.21 | – | – | 16.60 | 2.77 |
| Gressler et al (2011)40 | Ochtodes secundiramea | Brazil | – | 10.10 | 1.01 | 3.54 | 0.25 | 45.07 | 0.87 | – | – |
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Odonthalia dentata | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 17.80 | 1.78 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Paiva et al (2014)26 | Osmundea pinnatifida | Portugal | Jan 2013 | 20.79 | 2.08 | 7.53 | 0.54 | 17.61 | 0.34 | – | – |
| Rodrigues et al (2015)29 | Osmundea pinnatifida | Portugal | Apr 2012 | 23.80 | 2.38 | 0.90 | 0.06 | 32.40 | 0.62 | – | – |
| Marsham et al (2007)27 | Osmundea pinnatifida | United Kingdom | – | 27.30 | 2.73 | 4.30 | 0.31 | – | – | 25.60 | 4.27 |
| Maehre et al (2014)19 | Palmaria palmata | Norway | Jun 2012 | 12.26 | 1.23 | 1.36 | 0.10 | – | – | – | – |
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Palmaria palmata | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 14.90 | 1.49 | 1.20 | 0.09 | 71.00 | 1.37 | – | – |
| Mišurcová et al (2010)25 | Palmaria palmata | United States | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5.05 | 0.84 |
| Sanchez-Machado et al (2004)28 | Palmaria spp | Spain | – | 13.87 | 1.39 | 1.80 | 0.13 | – | – | – | – |
| Parjikolaei et al (2016)33 | Phycodrys rubens | Denmark | Sep 2011 | 28.80 | 2.88 | 1.30 | 0.09 | 40.20 | 0.77 | – | – |
| Gressler et al (2011)40 | Plocamium brasiliense | Brazil | – | 15.72 | 1.57 | 3.63 | 0.26 | 52.03 | 1.00 | – | – |
| Marsham et al (2007)27 | Polysiphonia spp | United Kingdom | – | 31.80 | 3.18 | 0.05 | 0.00 | – | – | 52.80 | 8.80 |
| Cian et al (2014)41 | Porphyra columbina | Argentina | Aug – Oct 2010 | 24.61 | 2.46 | 0.25 | 0.02 | – | – | 48.02 | 8.00 |
| Sanchez-Machado et al (2004)28 | Porphyra spp | Spain | – | 24.11 | 2.41 | 1.03 | 0.07 | – | – | – | – |
| Paiva et al (2014)26 | Porphyra spp | Portugal | Jan 2007 | 24.82 | 2.48 | 8.88 | 0.63 | 25.37 | 0.49 | – | – |
| Smith et al (2010)23 | Porphyra spp | New Zealand | – | 26.36 | 2.64 | 3.03 | 0.22 | 43.99 | 0.85 | – | – |
| Smith et al (2010)23 | Porphyra spp | New Zealand | May – Oct 2004 | 32.71 | 3.27 | 2.00 | 0.14 | 45.40 | 0.87 | – | – |
| Marsham et al (2007)27 | Porphyra spp | United Kingdom | – | 44.00 | 4.40 | 0.70 | 0.05 | – | – | 33.50 | 5.58 |
| Cofrades et al (2010)42 | Porphyra umbilicalis | Spain | – | 39.00 | 3.90 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| El-Said & El-Sikaily (2013)21 | Pterocladia capillacea | Egypt | Apr 2011 | – | – | – | – | 9.64 | 0.19 | – | – |
| El-Said & El-Sikaily (2013)21 | Pterocladia capillacea | Egypt | Apr 2011 | – | – | – | – | 11.20 | 0.22 | – | – |
| El-Said & El-Sikaily (2013)21 | Pterocladia capillacea | Egypt | Apr 2011 | – | – | – | – | 7.89 | 0.15 | – | – |
| El-Said & El-Sikaily (2013)21 | Pterocladia capillacea | Egypt | Apr 2011 | – | – | – | – | 8.06 | 0.16 | – | – |
| Paiva et al (2014)26 | Pterocladia capillacea | Azores (Portugal) | Jan 2013 | – | – | 4.32 | 0.31 | – | – | – | – |
| Maehre et al (2014)19 | Vertebrata lanosa | Norway | June 2012 | 11.56 | 1.16 | 1.55 | 0.11 | – | – | – | – |
Abbreviation: RNI, Reference Nutrient Intake.