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The arterial baroreflex controls arterial pressure and heart rate via connections between peripheral sensory ganglia and the nucleus tractus solitarius in the medulla. These afferent signals inhibit sympathetic outflow and increase parasympathetic output specifically to the heart and blood vessels, thereby triggering vasodilation and lowering BP by decreasing both heart rate and cardiac contractility. AV, atrioventricular; CN, cranial nerve; SA, sinoatrial.
