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. 2019 Jun 6;23:202. doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2475-9

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — The relationship between in-hospital mortality and misdiagnosis or unidentified of the site of infection among patients with infection using the generalized estimating equations (GEE) with exchangeable working-correlation matrix models and propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis. The primary analysis described the GEE models for all patients and patients with qSOFA ≥ 2 and the PSM model. The GEE model for all patients adjusted: age, Charlson comorbidity index, clinical frailty scale, qSOFA, site of infection at final diagnosis (lung, intra-abdominal, urinary tract, soft tissue, rare [central nervous system (CNS); osteoarticular; endocardium; wound; catheter-related; and implant device-related], other, or unidentified). The GEE model for patients with qSOFA ≥ 2 adjusted: the same variables of the GEE model for all patients except qSOFA. The PSM model adjusted: age, Charlson comorbidity index, clinical frailty scale, MBP, HR, RR, GCS, site of infection at final diagnosis (lung, intra-abdominal, urinary tract, soft tissue, rare [central nervous system (CNS); osteoarticular; endocardium; wound; catheter-related; and implant device-related], other, or unidentified). The sensitivity analysis described the GEE models for all patients and patients with qSOFA ≥ 2 and PSM model excluding patients with an unidentified site of infection. The GEE model for all patients adjusted: age, Charlson comorbidity index, clinical frailty scale, qSOFA, site of infection at final diagnosis (lung, intra-abdominal, urinary tract, soft tissue, rare [central nervous system (CNS); osteoarticular; endocardium; wound; catheter-related, implant device-related, and other]). The GEE model for patients with qSOFA ≥ 2 adjusted: the same variables of the GEE model for all patients except qSOFA. The PSM adjusted: age, Charlson comorbidity index, clinical frailty scale, MBP, HR, RR, GCS, site of infection at final diagnosis (lung, intra-abdominal, urinary tract, soft tissue, rare [central nervous system (CNS); osteoarticular; endocardium; wound; catheter-related, implant device-related, and other]). qSOFA quick sequential organ failure assessment, PSM propensity score-matched