Figure 6.

Cortex staining for GFAP, UCH-L1, and MMP-9 in each group.

Boxes at the bottom left represent isotype-specific control images without primary antibody for each groups and each biomarkers. We can note less intensive GFAP immunostaining in the neocortex after HH and TBI+HH compared with TBI alone. For UCH-L1, immunostaining is more pronounced for TBI, HH, and TBI+HH groups compared with Sham group. For MMP-9, there is more intensive immunostaining for HH and TBI+HH groups compared with Sham and TBI alone groups. GFAP indicates glial fibrillary acidic protein; HH, hypoxia/hypotension group; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase 9; Sham, Sham group; TBI, traumatic brain injury group; TBI+HH, traumatic brain injury and hypoxia/hypotension group; UCH-L1, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1.