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. 2019 Jun 6;14(6):e0217495. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217495

Fig 1. Immunological therapy of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat.

Fig 1

(A) PCOS model of rat was induced by subcutaneously implanted 90-day continuous release pellet of letrozole for 8 weeks, followed by 3 weeks of immunological therapy of etanercept (ETA, a TNF-α antagonist). Sera, adipose tissues, and the ovaries of the rats were harvested at the end of the treatment. ETA significantly attenuated the (B) increased weight (**CTL versus PCOS, P<0.01 by repeated measure ANOVA; #PCOS versus PCOS+ETA, P<0.05 by t-test), (D) serum levels of testosterone (**All groups, P<0.01 by one-way ANOVA; ##CTL versus PCOS, P<0.01 by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test; &&PCOS versus PCOS+ETA, P<0.01 by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test), and other inflammatory factors, including (E) TNF-α and MCP-1 (**All groups, P<0.01 by one-way ANOVA; CTL versus PCOS, #P<0.05 and ##P<0.01 by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test; &PCOS versus PCOS+ETA, &P<0.05 and &&P<0.01 by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test) in the PCOS rats. (C) The increased glucose tolerance level did not change significantly (**All groups, P<0.01 by repeated measure ANOVA; ##CTL versus PCOS, P<0.01 by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test; NSPCOS versus PCOS+ETA, P>0.05 by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test).