Table 3.

Linear regression models with VO2max as the outcome, stratified by altitude

	Unadjusted analysis				Multivariable-adjusted analysis
	Coefficient	95% CI		P- value	Coefficient	95% CI		P-value
Schistosoma mansoni egg patent infection*
Low altitude	−1.299	−2.389	−0.208	0.020	−3.962	−6.556	−1.368	0.004
High altitude	−0.971	−2.712	0.770	0.271	0.452	−5.102	6.007	0.866
Fecal occult blood
Low altitude	−0.610	−1.349	0.128	0.104	−0.226	−1.362	0.911	0.690
High altitude	0.592	−0.333	1.518	0.205	0.694	−1.094	2.482	0.424
Malaria†
Low altitude	−0.938	−2.320	0.444	0.182	−2.121	−4.390	0.148	0.066
High altitude	2.832	0.494	5.170	0.019	5.524	0.084	10.964	0.047
Stunting‡
Low altitude	−0.448	−1.749	0.853	0.498	−0.126	−2.715	2.463	0.922
High altitude	−0.719	−2.875	1.438	0.510	−0.842	−6.230	4.547	0.746
Anemia§
Low altitude	−0.924	−2.145	0.297	0.137	0.891	−1.418	3.201	0.440
High altitude	−0.326	−2.076	1.424	0.711	−1.834	−5.384	1.717	0.291

AIC = Akaike’s information criterion. Statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) indicated in bold.

* As per dual Kato–Katz examination.

† As per malaria rapid diagnostic testing.

‡ According to validated stunting charts based on height-for-age Z-score ≤ 2 SD below mean.³⁵

§ As per standardized hemoglobin cutoffs for age: < 11.5 g dL⁻¹ (5–11 years) and < 12.0 g dL⁻¹ (12–14 years). Hemoglobin adjusted for altitude.³⁹ For multivariable-adjusted analysis, low altitude: n = 45. P-value = 0.022. R² = 0.277. Adjusted R² = 0.184. AIC = 246.900. High altitude: n = 23. P-value = 0.202. R² = 0.326. Adjusted R² = 0.128. AIC = 125.111.