Table 5.
Comparing tobacco/nicotine only use group to concurrent use, sequential use, and co-administrator use groups
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | Group 5 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tobacco | Concurrent use | Co-admin. | Sequential | Sequential + | Overall | Group | |
| use only | only | only | use only | co-admin. | ANCOVA | differences a | |
| Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | F (df=8) | -- | |
| Frequency of cigarette use |
3.58 (0.51) | 3.74 (0.36) | 6.97 (0.70) | 5.77 (0.52) | 11.01 (0.48) | 27.36‡ | 1/3, 2/3, 1/4, 2/4, 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5 |
| Frequency of e- cigarette use |
2.66 (0.53) | 3.36 (0.37) | 5.33 (0.72) | 5.76 (0.54) | 9.51 (0.49) | 23.67‡ | 1/3, 1/4, 2/4, 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5 |
| Quantity of cigarette use |
0.50 (0.17) | 0.39 (0.12) | 1.02 (0.23) | 0.96 (0.17) | 1.71 (0.16) | 9.00‡ | 2/4, 1/5, 2/5, 4/5 |
| Quantity of e- cigarette use |
1.66 (0.91) | 1.97 (0.65) | 3.20 (1.27) | 5.86 (0.94) | 7.24 (0.86) | 5.58‡ | 1/4, 2/4, 1/5, 2/5 |
| Time to first cigarette b |
3.79 (0.12) | 3.62 (0.09) | 3.57 (0.14) | 3.47 (0.10) | 3.69 (0.07) | 2.14* | -- |
| Time to first e- cigarette c |
3.47 (0.12) | 3.39 (0.07) | 3.31 (0.13) | 3.22 (0.09) | 3.31 (0.08) | 1.98* | -- |
| Delinquency | 6.31 (0.22) | 6.59 (0.15) | 6.70 (0.30) | 7.22 (0.22) | 8.58 (0.20) | 12.65‡ | 1/4, 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5 |
| Physical ailments |
2.05 (0.10) | 1.89 (0.07) | 2.15 (0.14) | 2.14 (0.10) | 2.40 (0.10) | 8.79‡ | 2/5 |
| Physical health | 12.54 (0. 17) | 12.43 (0.12) | 12.30 (0.24) | 11.70 (0.18) | 11.76 (0.16) | 6.61‡ | 1/4, 2/4, 1/5, 2/5 |
| Social functioning |
42.67 (0.56) | 43.22 (0.439) | 43.87 (0.76) | 42.49 (0.57) | 43.07 (0.53) | 3.70‡ | -- |
| Anxiety | 6.00 (0.41) | 4.69 (0.29) | 5.19 (0.56) | 5.77 (0.42) | 6.66 (0.38) | 4.80‡ | 2/5 |
| Depression | 6.16 (0.43) | 5.41 (0.30) | 5.95 (0.58) | 6.77 (0.44) | 7.58 (0.40) | 5.74‡ | 2/5 |
| N | 182 | 374 | 99 | 173 | 208 | ||
Note.
a
Group differences significant at p < .05 from pairwise comparisons.
b
past month cigarette use only (n=375).
c
past month e-cigarette use only (n=1,015). Adjusted means and SEs after controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and college status are shown.
*
p < .05.
‡
p < .001.