Table 2.
Summary of biological effects for each matricellular protein discussed in this review (see respective sections for details and references).
| Protein name | Summary of effects |
|---|---|
| Aggrecan | Potential biomarker for aneurysm risk |
| CCN1 | Stabilizes collagen fibers, promotes adhesion and migration of ECs |
| CCN2 | Promotes collagen transcription, EC adhesion, and SMC adhesion/spreading |
| CCN3 | Reduces EC adhesion and inhibits SMC proliferation |
| CCN4 | Promotes SMC migration, inhibits SMC apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaque |
| CCN5 | Antagonizes CCN2, inhibits SMC proliferation and motility |
| Decorin | Increases density of collagen bundles, associated with aneurysm risk |
| Emilin-1 | Inhibits TGF-β activation, binds to elastic fiber microfibrils, promotes platelet aggregation and inhibits clot retraction |
| Emilin-2 | Binds to elastic fiber microfibrils, promotes platelet aggregation and clot retraction |
| Fibrillin-1 | Regulates TGF-β activation, scaffold for elastic fibers, promote EC proliferation |
| Fibrillin-2 | Regulates TGF-β activation, scaffold for elastic fibers |
| Fibromodulin | Inhibits SMC proliferation/restenosis |
| Fibulin-1 | Associated with thrombosis, aneurysm, and cardiovascular disease risk |
| Fibulin-2 | Directs elastic fiber assembly |
| Fibulin-5 | Directs elastic fiber assembly, promotes SMC migration and contractility |
| Galectin-1 | Promotes SMC spreading and adhesion, reduces motility, mediates atherogenesis |
| LTBP-1 and−4 | Inhibit TGF-β activation, binds to elastic fiber microfibrils |
| Lumican | Promotes LOX activity, inhibits EC migration |
| MAGP-1 | Modulates sequestration of TGF-β, integral to elastic fiber microfibrils, required for proper thrombosis |
| MAGP-2 | Integral to elastic fiber microfibrils, inhibits EC Notch signal to promote migration |
| OPN | Promotes proliferation of SMCs and calcification of atherosclerotic lesions |
| SPARC | Promotes collagen bundling, EC migration |
| Syndecan-4 | Promotes collagen post-translational processing |
| TNC | Promotes SMC proliferation and migration |
| TNX | Promotes collagen post-translational modidication, EC proliferation |
| TSP-1 | Promotes platelet aggregation, inhibits EC angiogenesis, promotes SMC proliferation |
| TSP-2 | Required for proper thrombosis, inhibits EC proliferation and angiogenesis |
| Versican | Associated with aneurysm risk, inhibits elastic fiber formation |
| Vitronectin | Via PAI-1 reduces thrombus removal, promotes EC adhesion, and spreading |