Table 4.

Laboratory findings before and after treatment

	Mean baseline ± SD	Mean ± SD at week 4	Mean change ( ± SD) baseline to week 4	Mean difference probiotic v placebo (95% CI)	P value
Ulcerative colitis
Haemoglobin (n < 12.0 g/dL)
Probiotic	13.6 ± 2.1	13.6 ± 2.0	− 0.0 ± 0.8
Placebo	13.7 ± 2.8	13.9 ± 2.5	0.1 ± 2.1	− 0.17 (− 0.88, 0.54)	0.59
Haemotocrit (n = 35–50%)
Probiotic	42.4 ± 5.5	42.9 ± 5.1	0.3 ± 2.5
Placebo	43.4 ± 5.2	43.2 ± 6.0	0.4 ± 2.9	1.06 (− 0.23, 2.36)	0.15
White blood cells (n = 4.5–11.0 × 109/L
Probiotic	7.3 ± 2.4	7.6 ± 2.6	0.1 ± 1.6
Placebo	7.2 ± 2.1	7.3 ± 2.9	0.1 ± 2.5	− 0.08 (− 1.12, 0.97)	1.00
ESR (n = 0–22 mm/h)
Probiotic	16.3 ± 14.1	17.5 ± 16.2	1.2 ± 8.2
Placebo	13.4 ± 15.3	10.4 ± 12.1	0.1 ± 10.9	1.04 (− 4.31, 6.39)	0.52
CRP (n < 5 mg/L)
Probiotic	8.5 ± 7.2	15.0 ± 24.4	7.2 ± 15.7
Placebo	5.9 ± 3.6	17.8 ± 39.4	12.7 ± 45.8	− 5.50 (− 35.7, 24.7)	0.71
Calprotectin (n =  < 50 µg/g)
Probiotic	725 ± 726	411 ± 460	− 314 ± 719
Placebo	436 ± 451	626 ± 1057	189 ± 981	− 503 (− 861, − 145)	0.078
Crohn’s disease
Haemoglobin (n < 12.0 g/dL)
Probiotic	13.5 ± 2.1	13.3 ± 1.4	− 0.2 ± 0.6
Placebo	13.9 ± 1.6	14.0 ± 1.4	0.1 ± 0.9	− 0.26 (− 0.74. 0.22)	0.11
Haemotocrit (n = 35–50%)
Probiotic	42.6 ± 4.5	42.1 ± 4.0	− 0.1 ± 2.4
Placebo	42.9 ± 4.9	43.5 ± 3.9	0.4 ± 2.9	− 0.47 (− 2.1, 1.17)	0.26
White blood cells (n = 4.5 to 11.0 × 109/L
Probiotic	7.2 ± 3.1	7.1 ± 3.0	− 0.7 ± 1.5
Placebo	8.2 ± 3.1	8.1 ± 2.2	0.4 ± 1.9	− 1.06 (− 2.13, 0.02)	0.04
ESR (n = 0-22 mm/h)
Probiotic	12.3 ± 11.1	16.7 ± 11.1	− 2.7 ± 4.9
Placebo	22.3 ± 14.0	13.3 ± 12.1	− 2.1 ± 2.9	− 0.54 (− 4.06, 2.98)	1.00
CRP (n < 5mg/L)
Probiotic	11.8 ± 9.9	11.4 ± 9.4	− 0.2 ± 9.5
Placebo	16.7 ± 16.9	9.3 ± 6.8	− 2.6 ± 7.1	2.35 (− 8.99, 13.69)	0.42
Calprotectin (n =  < 50 µg/g)
Probiotic	686 ± 982	525 ± 610	− 206 ± 1046
Placebo	301 ± 279	549 ± 1011	289 ± 1012	− 496 (− 981, 10.4)	0.69