Table 2.
Characteristics of the study sample of the German population-based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) with visual acuity of both eyes and NEI VFQ-25 data available
| All | |
|---|---|
| N | 11,941 |
| Age [y] | 54.7 (11.1) |
| Women | 49.9% (5958) |
| Socioeconomic status | 13.1 (4.4) |
| Eye characteristics: | |
| Mean spherical equivalent [dpt] | −0.12 (−1.25/0.81) |
| Visual acuity (better eye) [logMAR] | 0 (0/0.10) |
| Visual acuity (worse eye) [logMAR] | 0 (0/0.22) |
| Contact lenses or glasses | 89.2% (10646) |
| Distance glasses | 68.0% (8116) |
| History of eye surgery | 7.3% (876) |
| Glaucoma | 2.3% (270) |
| Age-related macular degeneration | 0.4% (51) |
| Amblyopia | 9.9% (1186) |
| Vision-related quality of life: | |
| Visual functioning scale (NEI VFQ-25) | 89.6 (81.3/95.1) |
| Socioemotional scale (NEI VFQ-25) | 100.0 (94.5/100.0) |
Continuous variables were described by mean values and standard deviation, and a skewed distribution was described by the median and interquartile range. Discrete variables were described by relative and absolute frequencies.