Table 4.
a) Work Psychosocial exposure and risk of CTS, (i) unadjusted for biomechanical exposure, and adjusted for: (ii) Peak hand Force (iii) HAL Scale, (iv) Forceful Repetition Rate, (v) % Time Forceful Exertions, (vi) Total Repetition Rate (vii) % Time All Exertions and (viii) ACGIH TLV for HAL. All models (i-viii) are adjusted for age, gender, BMI, study site.
| Cut- offs |
(N) | (n) | (i) Unadjusted HR (95% CI) |
(ii) adj. for Peak Hand Force HR (95% CI) |
(iii) adj. for HAL Scale HR (95% CI) |
(iv) adj. for Forceful Repetition Rate HR (95% CI) |
(v) adj. for % Time Forceful Hand Exertions HR (95% CI) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological Demand | 1476 | 99 | |||||||||||
| Lower Half | < 31 | 40 | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | |
| Upper Half | ≥ 31 | 59 | 1.35 | (0.91–2.01) | 1.32 | (0.89–1.97) | 1.33 | (0.89–1.97) | 1.31 | (0.87–1.97) | 1.21 | (0.80–1.83) | |
| Decision Latitude | 1469 | 98 | |||||||||||
| Lower Half | < 60 | 42 | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | |
| Upper Half | ≥ 60 | 56 | 0.83 | (0.55–1.26) | 0.88 | (0.58–1.34) | 0.95 | (0.62–1.45) | 0.85 | (0.55–1.31) | 0.88 | (0.58–1.35) | |
| Job Strain | 1466 | 98 | |||||||||||
| Low Strain | 27 | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | ||
| Passive Strain | 29 | 1.27 | (0.74–2.16) | 1.27 | (0.75–2.16) | 1.24 | (0.73–2.09) | 1.30 | (0.75–2.23) | 1.19 | (0.68–2.09) | ||
| Active Strain | 13 | 1.11 | (0.57–2.16) | 1.07 | (0.55–2.09) | 0.93 | (0.47–1.83) | 1.16 | (0.59–2.29) | 1.11 | (0.56–2.20) | ||
| High Strain | 29 | 1.51 | (0.90–2.54) | 1.41 | (0.84–2.38) | 1.32 | (0.78–2.25) | 1.46 | (0.84–2.52) | 1.34 | (0.77–2.31) | ||
| Job Strain Ratio | 1466 | 98 | |||||||||||
| Lower Half | < 0.53 | 42 | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | |
| Upper Half | ≥ 0.53 | 56 | 1.82 | (1.23–2.71) | 1.73 | (1.15–2.61) | 1.63 | (1.08–2.45) | 1.80 | (1.18–2.76) | 1.65 | (1.07–2.54) | |
|
Cut- offs |
(N) | (n) |
(i) Unadjusted HR (95% CI) |
(vi) adj. for Total Repetition Rate HR (95% CI) |
(vii) adj. for % Time All Hand Exertions HR (95% CI) |
(viii) adj. for ACGIH TLV for HAL HR (95% CI) |
|||||||
| Psychological Demand | 1176 | 84 | |||||||||||
| Lower Half | < 31 | 38 | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | |||
| Upper Half | ≥ 31 | 46 | 1.15 | (0.75–1.76) | 1.14 | (0.74–1.75) | 1.14 | (0.74–1.76) | 1.31 | (0.88–1.96) | |||
| Decision Latitude | 1482 | 83 | - | ||||||||||
| Lower Half | < 60 | 35 | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | |||
| Upper Half | ≥ 60 | 48 | 0.83 | (0.53–1.29) | 0.84 | (0.53–1.32) | 0.84 | (0.53–1.33) | 0.95 | (0.62–1.46) | |||
| Job Strain | 1479 | 83 | |||||||||||
| Low Strain | 25 | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | ||||
| Passive Strain | 23 | 1.10 | (0.62–1.96) | 1.10 | (0.62–1.95) | 1.10 | (0.62–1.96) | 1.27 | (0.75–2.17) | ||||
| Active Strain | 13 | 1.20 | (0.61–2.36) | 1.18 | (0.60–2.31) | 1.18 | (0.60–2.34) | 1.00 | (0.50–1.98) | ||||
| High Strain | 22 | 1.33 | (0.75–2.35) | 1.30 | (0.73–2.32) | 1.30 | (0.73–2.32) | 1.31 | (0.77–2.22) | ||||
| Job Strain Ratio | 1165 | 83 | |||||||||||
| Lower Half | < 0.53 | 40 | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - | |||
| Upper Half | ≥ 0.53 | 43 | 1.62 | (1.05–2.50) | 1.60 | (1.03–2.48) | 1.59 | (1.02–2.49) | 1.63 | (1.09–2.45) | |||