Table 2.
Approaches to target B cells
| Compound | Description | Stage of development |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| •B cell depletion | ||
| •Rituximab | chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody | Phase III SLE |
| •Ocrellzumab | humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody | Phase III SLE |
| •TRU-015 | anti-CD20 SMIP-small modular Immunopharmaceutical | Phase III RA |
| •Ofatumumab | fully human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody | Phase III RA |
| •Inhibitory signaling | ||
| •Epratuzumab | humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody | Phase II in SLE |
| •Co-stimuletory blockade | ||
| •Anti-CD40L | monoclonal antibody against CD40L | no longer In development |
| •CTLA4-lg | fusion protein of CTLA4: blocks B7-CD28 costimulation | Phase II SLE |
| •Cytokine blockade | ||
| •Belimumab/Benlyata fully human anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody | advanced development in SLE | |
| •BR3-Fc | fusion protein of the BR3 BAFF receptor | Phase I RA |
| •Anti-BR3 | fully human antibody against BR3 | Phase I RA |
| •Atacicept | fusion protein of the TACI receptor blocks BAFF/APRIL | Phase I, II RA, SLE |