| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Futrakul 1981 | Not a randomized or quasi‐randomized controlled trial |
| Futrakul 1987 | Not a randomized or quasi‐randomized controlled trial |
| Nguyen 2013 | The clinical outcomes of this trial are reported in Tam 2012 |
| Sumarmo 1975 | Not a randomized or quasi‐randomized controlled trial |
| Sumarmo 1987 | Duplicate data with an included trial |
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