Table 2.
Nonverbal DQ and Adaptive Skills Model-Based Estimates and Regression Slopes
| Visit, Estimate (95% CI) | ASD | BAP | UA | TDa | Between-Group Comparison P-Values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonverbal DQ | |||||
| 12 Months | 97.9 (92.7, 103.2) | 99.4 (94.0, 104.7) | 106.4 (102.1, 110.7) | 108.9 (106.3, 111.6) | ASD < UA*; ASD < TD***; BAP < UA*; BAP < TD** |
| 24 Months | 95.7 (91.5, 99.9) | 97.6 (93.1, 102.1) | 104.4 (100.8, 108.0) | 107.5 (104.7, 110.3) | ASD < UA**; ASD < TD***; BAP < UA*; BAP < TD*** |
| 36 Months | 93.5 (87.6, 99.3) | 95.8 (89.8, 101.9) | 102.4 (97.5, 107.3) | - | ASD < UA* |
| Regression Slope | −2.2 (−5.8, 1.4) | −1.8 (−5.2, 1.7) | −2.0 (−4.9, 1.0) | −1.4 (−4.8, 2.0) | NS |
| Communication | |||||
| 12 Months | 95.3 (91.3, 99.2) | 98.6 (94.8, 102.5) | 103.2 (100.0, 106.5) | 104.7 (102.7, 106.8) | ASD < UA**; ASD < TD***; BAP < TD** |
| 24 Months | 94.2 (91.3, 97.1) | 98.6 (95.4, 101.7) | 103.4 (101.0, 105.9) | 109.3 (107.3, 111.3) | All pairwise comparisons, p < 0.05 |
| 36 Months | 93.2 (89.2, 97.1) | 98.5 (94.2, 102.9) | 103.6 (100.4, 106.8) | - | ASD < UA*** |
| Regression Slope | −1.1 (−3.7, 1.6) | −0.04 (−2.6, 2.6) | 0.2 (−1.9, 2.4) | 4.6 (2.2, 7.0)*** | ASD < TD**; BAP < TD*; UA < TD** |
| Daily Living Skills | |||||
| 12 Months | 90.9 (87.0, 94.8) | 93.7 (90.0, 97.4) | 98.5 (95.4, 101.7) | 95.9 (93.7, 98.0) | ASD < UA**; ASD < TD* |
| 24 Months | 85.1 (82.7, 87.6) | 87.1 (84.4, 89.7) | 91.3 (89.3, 93.3) | 94.7 (92.9, 96.6) | ASD < UA***; ASD < TD***; BAP < UA*; BAP < TD***; UA < TD* |
| 36 Months | 79.4 (75.0, 83.7) | 80.5 (76.2, 84.8) | 84.0 (80.4, 87.6) | - | NS |
| Regression Slope | −5.8 (−9.1, −2.4)*** | −6.6 (−9.6, −3.6)*** | −7.3 (−10.0, −4.6)*** | −1.1 (−4.0, 1.7) | ASD < TD*; BAP < TD**; UA < TD** |
| Socialization | |||||
| 12 Months | 95.9 (93.2, 98.7) | 98.6 (95.9, 101.3) | 97.4 (95.1, 99.7) | 100.5 (99.1, 102.0) | ASD < TD**; UA < TD* |
| 24 Months | 86.9 (85.0, 88.9) | 90.9 (88.9, 92.8) | 93.4 (91.8, 95.0) | 96.2 (94.7, 97.6) | All pairwise comparisons, p < 0.05 |
| 36 Months | 77.9 (74.4, 81.5) | 83.2 (79.8, 86.5) | 89.4 (86.5, 92.4) | - | ASD < BAP*; ASD < UA***; BAP < UA** |
| Regression Slope | −9.0 (−11.5, −6.5)*** | −7.7 (−10.1, −5.4)*** | −4.0 (−6.1, −1.9)*** | −4.3 (−6.4, −2.3)*** | ASD < UA**; ASD < TD**; BAP < UA*; BAP < TD* |
*
p <.05
**
p <.01
***
p <.001
a
TD participants not seen at 36 months.