Table 3.
Effects of variables on risk of HbA1c > 7.0% in diabetic subjects
| odds Ratio (95%CI)a | p value | odds Ratio (95%CI)b | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI | ||||
| Low (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| High | 0.779 (0.600–1.011) | 0.060 | 0.879 (0.629–1.227) | 0.448 |
| WC | ||||
| Low (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| High | 1.078 (0.805–1.444) | 0.613 | 1.189 (0.822–1.721) | 0.358 |
| WHtR | ||||
| Low (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| High | 1.262 (0.951–1.675) | 0.107 | 1.335 (0.925–1.926) | 0.123 |
| LAP | ||||
| Low (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| High | 1.283(0.990–1.664) | 0.060 | 1.191(0.851–1.667) | 0.308 |
| VAI | ||||
| Low (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| High | 1.247(0.960–1.619) | 0.098 | 1.300(0.927–1.824) | 0.128 |
| TC | ||||
| < 4.35 (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 4.35–4.97 | 1.127 (0.781–1.627) | 0.523 | 0.988 (0.620–1.604) | 0.992 |
| 4.97–5.71 | 1.366 (0.947–1.971) | 0.095 | 1.216 (0.751–1.969) | 0.427 |
| > 5.71 | 1.547 (1.071–2.234) | 0.020 | 1.209 (0.743–1.989) | 0.438 |
| TG | ||||
| < 1.11 (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 1.11–1.55 | 0.948 (0.658–1.367) | 0.776 | 1.227 (0.759–1.983) | 0.404 |
| 1.55–2.18 | 1.139 (0.790–1.643) | 0.485 | 1.274 (0.788–2.060) | 0.323 |
| > 2.18 | 1.179 (0.818–1.700) | 0.376 | 1.393 (0.866–2.241) | 0.172 |
| LAP | ||||
| < 23.11 (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 23.11–37.26 | 0.755 (0.522–1.091) | 0.134 | 0.970 (0.603–1.561) | 0.900 |
| 37.26–56.08 | 1.018 (0.705–1.468) | 0.926 | 1.030 (0.634–1.675) | 0.904 |
| > 56.08 | 1.141 (0.790–1.647) | 0.482 | 1.242 (0.769–2.007) | 0.376 |
| VAI | ||||
| < 1.38 (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 1.38–2.20 | 0.758 (0.524–1.095) | 0.139 | 0.948 (0.585–1.535) | 0.827 |
| 2.20–3.36 | 0.932 (0.645–1.347) | 0.709 | 1.175 (0.722–1.912) | 0.517 |
| > 3.36 | 1.290 (0.892–1.866) | 0.176 | 1.268 (0.775–2.076) | 0.344 |
| FBG | ||||
| < 6.19 (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 6.19–7.19 | 3.865 (2.347–6.364) | < 0.001 | 5.270 (2.601–10.681) | < 0.001 |
| 7.19–8.68 | 13.892 (8.475–22.772) | < 0.001 | 16.634 (8.225–33.637) | < 0.001 |
| > 8.68 | 95.667 (50.662–180.650) | < 0.001 | 111.656 (47.765–261.008) | < 0.001 |
| TyG | ||||
| < 8.73 (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 8.73–9.14 | 2.024 (1.378–2.972) | < 0.001 | 2.301 (1.382–3.833) | 0.001 |
| 9.14–9.51 | 2.558 (1.740–3.761) | < 0.001 | 3.073 (1.853–5.096) | < 0.001 |
| > 9.51 | 6.411 (4.271–9.623) | < 0.001 | 6.698 (3.958–11.338) | < 0.001 |
| TyG-BMI | ||||
| < 200.64 (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 200.64–222.45 | 1.313 (0.908–1.898) | 0.148 | 1.301 (0.806–2.100) | 0.282 |
| 222.45–246.28 | 1.549 (1.071–2.241) | 0.020 | 1.871 (1.166–3.001) | 0.009 |
| > 246.28 | 2.004 (1.382–2.906) | < 0.001 | 2.098 (1.306–3.370) | 0.002 |
| TyG-WC | ||||
| < 713.48 (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 713.48–772.10 | 1.559 (1.074–2.261) | 0.019 | 2.122 (1.294–3.480) | 0.003 |
| 772.10–840.36 | 1.642 (1.132–2.382) | 0.009 | 1.848 (1.137–3.004) | 0.013 |
| > 840.36 | 2.837 (1.943–4.141) | < 0.001 | 3.416 (2.069–5.642) | < 0.001 |
HbA1c glycated haemoglobin A1c, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumstance, WHtR waist: height ratio, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, LAP lipid accumulation product, VAI visceral adiposity index, TyG the product of triglycerides and fasting blood glucose, CI confidence interval
acrude odds ratio determined using univariate logistic regression (enter method)
bodds ratio determined using multivariate logistic regression (enter method) with adjustment of age, gender, alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking, duration of diabetes, income status, exercise, anti-diabetic medication, self-blood glucose monitoring, complications and hypertension. The cut-off level of BMI, WC, WHtR, VAI, and LAP is 24.12 kg/m2, 83.5 cm, 0.51, 2.25, and 36.96for males, while 23.53 kg/m2, 77.5 cm, 0.49, 2.5, and 37.84 for females, respectively