Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the trial participants
| Control | Swaps | Altering order | Combined | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 310) | (n = 310) | (n = 310) | (n = 310) | |||||
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 37.5 ± 11.7 | 37.8 ± 12.9 | 38.2 ± 12.7 | 37.2 ± 11.7 | ||||
| Sex, female, n (%) | 193 ± 62.3 | 207 ± 66.8 | 214 ± 69 | 203 ± 65.5 | ||||
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 27.8 ± 7.2 | 27.9 ± 7.3 | 27.8 ± 6.4 | 27.4 ± 6.3 | ||||
| BMI category, n (%) | ||||||||
| < 18.5 | 5 | (1.6) | 5 | (1.6) | 7 | (2.3) | 7 | (2.3) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 113 | (36.5) | 130 | (41.9) | 113 | (36.5) | 123 | (39.7) |
| 25–29.9 | 101 | (32.6) | 79 | (25.5) | 89 | (28.7) | 90 | (29) |
| > 30 | 87 | (28.1) | 95 | (30.6) | 96 | (31) | 86 | (27.7) |
| Missing | 4 | (1.3) | 1 | (0.3) | 5 | (1.6) | 4 | (1.3) |
| Ethnic group, n (%) | ||||||||
| White | 272 | (87.7) | 285 | (91.9) | 285 | (91.9) | 280 | (90.3) |
| Asian/Black | 20 | (6.5) | 10 | (3.2) | 13 | (4.2) | 16 | (5.2) |
| Mixed/Other | 18 | (5.8) | 14 | (4.5) | 11 | (3.5) | 13 | (4.2) |
| Missing | 0 | (0) | 1 | (0.3) | 1 | (0.3) | 1 | (0.3) |
| Education, n (%) | ||||||||
| None | 7 | (2.3) | 11 | (3.5) | 17 | (5.5) | 10 | (3.2) |
| Secondary | 74 | (23.9) | 105 | (33.9) | 108 | (34.8) | 86 | (27.7) |
| Higher | 229 | (73.9) | 193 | (62.3) | 184 | (59.4) | 213 | (68.7) |
| Missing | 0 | (0) | 1 | (0.3) | 1 | (0.3) | 1 | (0.3) |
| Household income, n (%) | ||||||||
| Lower (£25 k) | 124 | (40) | 142 | (45.8) | 135 | (43.5) | 125 | (40.3) |
| Middle (£26-39 k) | 93 | (30) | 70 | (22.6) | 77 | (24.8) | 79 | (25.5) |
| Higher (£40 k) | 83 | (26.8) | 90 | (29) | 83 | (26.8) | 95 | (30.6) |
| Missing | 10 | (3.2) | 8 | (2.6) | 15 | (4.8) | 11 | (3.5) |
| Household size, median (IQR) | 3.0 (2–4) | 3.0 (2–4) | 3.0 (2–4) | 3.0 (2–4) | ||||
| Household average supermarket expenditure, £, median (IQR) | 70.0 (50–100) | 60.0 (45–90) | 60.0 (50–85) | 60.0 (50–100) | ||||
| Online grocery shopping, n (%) | ||||||||
| > =1/week | 21 | (6.8) | 18 | (5.8) | 27 | (8.7) | 32 | (10.3) |
| 1–3 times/month | 42 | (13.5) | 38 | (12.3) | 54 | (17.4) | 62 | (20) |
| 4–11 times in the last year | 78 | (25.2) | 76 | (24.5) | 79 | (25.5) | 74 | (23.9) |
| 1–3 times in the last year | 91 | (29.4) | 91 | (29.4) | 71 | (22.9) | 72 | (23.2) |
| Never or not in the last year | 78 | (25.2) | 87 | (28.1) | 78 | (25.2) | 69 | (22.3) |
| Missing | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (0.3) | 1 | (0.3) |
| Online non-grocery shopping, n (%) | ||||||||
| > =1/week | 35 | (11.3) | 43 | (13.9) | 27 | (8.7) | 33 | (10.6) |
| 1–3 times/month | 137 | (44.2) | 124 | (40) | 129 | (41.6) | 133 | (42.9) |
| 4–11 times in the last year | 102 | (32.9) | 105 | (33.9) | 119 | (38.4) | 115 | (37.1) |
| 1–3 times in the last year | 30 | (9.7) | 31 | (10) | 30 | (9.7) | 25 | (8.1) |
| Never or not in the last year | 6 | (1.9) | 7 | (2.3) | 4 | (1.3) | 3 | (1) |
| Missing | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (0.3) | 1 | (0.3) |
| History of, n (%) | ||||||||
| Heart Disease | 0 | (0) | 1 | (0.3) | 4 | (1.3) | 3 | (1) |
| High cholesterol | 26 | (8.4) | 20 | (6.5) | 25 | (8.1) | 12 | (3.9) |
| High blood pressure | 26 | (8.4) | 31 | (10) | 28 | (9) | 20 | (6.5) |
| Diabetes | 12 | (3.9) | 11 | (3.5) | 7 | (2.3) | 5 | (1.6) |
| Cancer | 5 | (1.6) | 9 | (2.9) | 6 | (1.9) | 7 | (2.3) |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 5 | (1.6) | 2 | (0.6) | 4 | (1.3) | 3 | (1) |