Table 2.

Comparison of biochemical values in the three study groups, the control group, the untreated group with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and the PCOS group treated with clomiphene citrate (PCOS-CC).

	Diagnosis	N	Mean ±SD		P-value	Post-hoc p-value
TSH (IU/L)	Control	25	2.46±0.60	2.44 (1.22–3.67)	0.247a	–
	PCOS	24	2.75±0.69	2.68 (1.36–3.99)
	PCOS-CC	26	2.72±0.70	2.76 (1.25–3.98)
FSH (IU/L)	Control	25	4.94±1.74	4.21 (2.54–8.74)	0.720b	–
	PCOS	24	4.72±1.82	4.23 (2.14–9.34)
	PCOS-CC	26	4.73±1.96	3.90 (2.61–8.85)
LH (IU/L)	Control (1)	25	3.97±1.76	3.55 (1.87–8.58)	<0.001*b	1–2: 0.001*
	PCOS (2)	24	6.30±1.98	6.06 (3.74–11.41)		1–3: <0.001*
	PCOS-CC (3)	26	7.15±2.18	6.44 (3.99–11.32)		2–3: 0.835
E2 (pg/ml)	Control	25	101.32±25.04	100.00 (44,25–136.66)	0.808b	–
	PCOS	24	98.95±20.80	100.23 (39.76–132.22)
	PCOS-CC	26	97.26±19.13	100.27 (56.87–121.25)
HDL (mg/dl)	Control	25	55.72±5.39	55.56 (43.64–69.00)	0.627a	–
	PCOS	24	57.19±6.37	56.96 (44.00–6.00)
	PCOS-CC	26	56.86±5.04	56.77 (49.69–66.87)
LDL (mg/dl)	Control	25	111.21±13.00	111.21 (85.58–130.00)	<0.001*b	1–2: 0.002*
	PCOS	24	125.02±9.77	125.34 (96.25–141.25)		1–3: <0.001*
	PCOS-CC	26	127.04±9.24	128.52 (100.33–141.00)		2–3: 1.000
HOMA	Control	25	2.05±0.25	2.02 (1.34–2.45)	<0.001*b	1–2: 0.001*
	PCOS	24	2.36±0.29	2.36 (1.54–2.87)		1–3: 0.001*
	PCOS-CC	26	2.40±0.46	2.43 (1.45–3.50)		2–3: 1.000
BMI (kg/m2)	Control	25	21.62±1.10	21.25 (20.00–24.96)	<0.001*b	1–2: <0.001*
	PCOS	24	24.43±2.43	24.28 (19.98–29.25)		1–3: 0.001*
	PCOS-CC	26	24.29±3.17	24.39 (18.65–29.58)		2–3: 1.000
FER-GAL	Control	25	2,.9±1.05	2.20 (2.00–5.00)	<0.001*b	1–2: <0.001*
	PCOS	24	8.77±2.60	8.87 (4.40–12.25)		1–3: <0.001*
	PCOS-CC	26	10.15±2.43	10.00 (5.00–14.00)		2–3: 0.725

^aANOVA, analysis of variance;

^bKruskall-Wallis test;

TSH – thyroid stimulating hormone; FSH – follicular stimulating hormone; LH – luteinizing hormone; E2 – estradiol; BMI – body mass index; FERGAL – Ferriman-Gallwey score.