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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 9.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2016 Nov;25(6):570–576. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000262

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Commensal signals such as peptidoglycan, segmental filamentous bacteria (SFB), and polysaccharide A either directly activate gut epithelial receptors (A) or indirectly stimulate differentiation of naïve CD4 T cells via cytokines such as TGFβ and Rorγt. Presence of differentiated CD4 T cells in turn influences microbiota composition (B). Effector T cells migrate via lymphatics to regional and systemic lymphoid tissue to interact with other immune cells (C). MHC, major histocompatibility complex; TLR, toll-like receptor.