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. 2019 May 1;9(5):906–926.

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effects of enz-ATRA treatment on cell growth, survival, apoptosis and differentiation in NB4-R2 cells. NB4-R2 cells were treated with 1 μM (1EN), 2 μM enzastaurin (2EN), 1 μM ATRA (RA) and in enz-ATRA combination (EN+RA) for four days. One representative experiment of cell growth (A) and cell viability (B) is shown. Each value represents the mean ± SD of triplicate samples. Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments. Representative morphology of NB4-R2 cells treated with the indicated drugs for four days (C). Scale bar represents 5 μm and the magnification is 1,000. Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments. Annexin-V assay of NB4-R2 cells treated with enzastaurin or/and ATRA for four days (D). The percentages of Annexin V+ cells are shown in the corresponding panels. Results were representative among three independent experiments. Differentiation was also assessed by NBT-reduction assay (E) and flow-cytometric analysis of CD11b expression in NB4-R2 cells (F) with the indicated treatment for four days. For NBT-reduction assay, one representative experiment is shown. Each value represents the mean ± SD of triplicate samples. Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments. For flow-cytometric analysis of CD11b expression, each value represents the mean ± SD of three independent measurements. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 versus DMSO treated cells. ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001, versus ATRA treated cells. &&P<0.01, &&&P<0.001, as compared with 1EN+RA in NB4-R2 cells. The representative histograms of flow-cytometric analysis of CD11b expression in NB4-R2 cells with the indicated treatment for four days are also shown (G). The percentages of CD11b+ cells are shown in the corresponding panels.