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. 2019 May 1;9(5):906–926.

Figure 6.

Figure 6

RAF-1 is not required for enz-ATRA combination-activated MEK/ERK pathway and differentiation. NB4-R1 and NB4-R2 cells were pretreated with 0.5 μM sorafenib tosylate (SORA) for 1 h. The effect of SORA on MEK activation was measured by phosphorylated MEK with the indicated treatments for 12 h and 36 h respectively in NB4-R1 (A) and NB4-R2 cells (B). The same membrane incubated with the antibody to phosphorylated MEK was stripped and followed by detection of MEK. Expression of β-actin was assessed as internal control. Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments. The effect of SORA on enz-ATRA treatment-induced differentiation for four days was observed by morphologic changes in NB4-R1 (C) and NB4-R2 cells (D). Scale bar represents 5 μm and the magnification is 1,000. One representative experiment among three independent assays is shown. The effect of SORA on enz-ATRA treatment-induced differentiation was also confirmed by flow-cytometric analysis of CD11b expression (E). Each value represents the mean ± SD of three independent measurements. ###P<0.001 versus ENZA+RA. The representative histograms of flow-cytometric analysis of CD11b expression in NB4-R1 (F) and NB4-R2 cells (G) with the indicated drugs for four days are also shown. The percentages of CD11b+ cells are shown in the corresponding panels.