Table 1. Effect of topical application of forty compounds on adult female Anopheles gambiae.
IRAC Class | Compound Name | Mean % Knock Down | Mean % Mortality | Breakpoint
(% AI) |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.01% | 0.1% | 1% | 0.01% | 0.1% | 1% | |||
1A |
Formetanate
hydrochloride |
ND | ND | ND | 81.50 | 86.20 | 90.00 | 0.01 |
2B | Ethiprole | ND | ND | ND | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 0.01 |
3A | Flumethrin | 6.67 | 86.67 | 96.88 | 96.70 | 100.00 | 96.70 | 0.01 |
Imiprothrin | ND | ND | ND | 96.70 | 96.70 | 100.00 | 0.01 | |
4A | Dinotefuran | 74.42 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 65.13 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 1 |
Clothianidin | 80.65 | 81.25 | 93.10 | 100.00 | 96.49 | 96.49 | 0.1 | |
Nitenpyram | 96.88 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 96.56 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 0.1 | |
Thiacloprid | 63.33 | 81.25 | 86.67 | 19.00 | 0.00 | 42.33 | >1 | |
4C | Sulfoxaflor | 37.68 | 50.00 | 93.33 | 58.52 | 78.61 | 100.00 | 1 |
4D | Flupyradifurone | ND | ND | ND | 48.20 | 33.30 | 73.60 | >1 |
4E | Triflumezopyrim | 29.17 | 64.44 | 92.96 | 55.50 | 89.12 | 100.00 | 0.1 |
5 | Spinetoram | 90.00 | 76.67 | 90.00 | 92.56 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 0.01 |
6 | Ivermectin | 13.10 | 35.69 | 60.98 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 0.01 |
Tetranactin | ND | ND | ND | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.54 | >1 | |
Avermectin | ND | ND | ND | 73.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 0.1 | |
Abamectin | 0.00 | 19.35 | 35.71 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 95.80 | 0.01 | |
9B | Pyrifluquinazon | 86.67 | 45.16 | 80.77 | 46.37 | 18.11 | 77.85 | >1 |
12A | Diafenthiuron | 3.23 | 85.19 | 72.73 | 19.31 | 11.68 | 20.50 | >1 |
14 | Cartap Hydrochloride | 77.42 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 13.40 | 30.00 | 40.00 | >1 |
Thiosultap-disodium | 9.09 | 6.67 | 44.44 | 19.22 | 0.00 | 42.33 | >1 | |
19 | Amitraz | ND | ND | ND | 97.50 | 86.70 | 79.30 | 0.1 |
21A | Tebufenpyrad | 41.38 | 60.00 | 74.07 | 0.58 | 34.60 | 82.93 | 1 |
Fenpyroximate | 96.77 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 85.22 | 96.22 | 82.36 | 0.01 | |
Tolfenpyrad | 47.58 | 90.91 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 0.01 | |
Pyridaben | ND | ND | ND | 42.00 | 94.00 | 76.00 | 0.1 | |
Fenazaquin | 3.33 | 5.56 | 31.85 | 3.98 | 31.33 | 70.42 | >1 | |
Pyrimidifen | 45.45 | 96.67 | 100.00 | 64.63 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 0.1 | |
22A | Indoxacarb | 3.70 | 3.33 | 0.00 | 68.15 | 76.67 | 100.00 | 1 |
22B | Metaflumizone | 14.29 | 27.59 | 25.00 | 92.90 | 96.60 | 96.40 | 0.01 |
23 | Spiromesifen | ND | ND | ND | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 | >1 |
25A | Cyenopyrafen | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 3.33 | 6.66 | >1 |
28 | Flubendiamide | 3.33 | 3.33 | 6.67 | 16.70 | 16.70 | 3.30 | >1 |
29 | Flonicamid | 3.33 | 10.34 | 56.67 | 6.70 | 13.80 | 30.00 | >1 |
UN | Pyridalyl | 0.00 | 0.33 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.78 | >1 |
Unclassified | Closantel | 6.67 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 0.00 | 7.11 | 32.08 | >1 |
Fenazaflor | 3.33 | 82.76 | 71.88 | 0.00 | 77.81 | 89.92 | 1 | |
Tyclopyrazoflor | 14.44 | 35.02 | 38.18 | 38.89 | 46.46 | 66.67 | >1 | |
Oxazosulfyl | 25.45 | 25.45 | 50.34 | 70.91 | 74.85 | 96.67 | 1 | |
Benzpyrimoxan | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.33 | 0.65 | 0.00 | 8.53 | >1 | |
Dicloromezotiaz | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.54 | >1 |