Table 3.

Comparison of urinary metabolites that discriminate between infants with RSV acute respiratory infection (n = 60) and matched healthy controls (n = 60) using Wilcoxon rank-sum test

Metabolitesa	Fold change (RSV/healthy)	Wilcoxon rank-sum test, FDR adjusted p value	AUC
1-Methylnicotinamide	0.55	3.62 × 10−6	0.78
Citrate	0.65	3.62 × 10−6	0.77
4-Deoxythreonic acid	0.59	0.0002	0.73
2-Aminobutyrate	1.99	0.002	0.67
Creatine	0.52	0.003	0.68
Alanine	0.77	0.003	0.68
Succinate	0.59	0.003	0.67
Cis-aconitate	1.27	0.02	0.62
Acetone	2.03	0.04	0.63
Hypoxanthine	1.79	0.04	0.68
Tyrosine	0.79	0.04	0.63
3-Hydroxyisovalerate	0.82	0.04	0.64
Pantothenate	0.85	0.04	0.62

Significance was cut off at p value of 0.05 after adjusting for multiple testing using Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rates (FDR)

FDR false discovery rate, AUC area under the curve, RSV respiratory syncytial virus. Samples matched on age, sex, race and ethnicity, and feeding (breast vs. formula or combination)

^aMetabolites were normalized to creatinine