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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Retin Eye Res. 2018 Aug 1;67:130–149. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.07.003

Fig. 3. Sig1R−/− mice develop a late-onset retinal degeneration characterized by loss of ganglion cells.

Fig. 3.

(A) Negative Scotopic threshold responses (nSTR) in 1-year-old Sig1R−/− mice. Electrophysiological analysis was performed under scotopic conditions over a range of dim flash intensities in mice (age 59 weeks). Data represent averaged values. (A, inset) The responses at - 4.6 log scotopic troland-seconds, with vertical lines at 200 and 110 ms indicating where nSTR and positive STR (pSTR) amplitudes were measured. *Significantly different from Sig1R−/− mice; p<0.05). (B) Immunohistochemical detection of neurofilament-light protein (NFL, green fluorescence) in retinal cryosections prepared from wildtype (WT) and Sig1R−/− mice. The ganglion cell layer (gcl) is uniform in WT, but is disrupted in retinas of Sig1R−/− mice. Inner nuclear layer (inl) and outer nuclear layer (onl) are preserved. (C) Ultrastructural analysis of retinas of WT and Sig1R−/− mice shows robust, healthy ganglion cells in WT, but areas of cellular dropout (denoted by “*”) in the Sig1R−/− mice. (D) Quantitative analysis of the number of cells in the gcl in the central retina of WT versus Sig1R−/− retina. *significantly different from wildtype, p<0.05. (Figures adapted from Ha et al, 2011, with permission).