Fig 1. Concept plot of an Event-related potential (ERP) evoked in response to a stimulus.

An ERP consist of a series of characteristic amplitude deflections following stimulus onset, called ERP components, that are referred to by a letter (N/P), to indicate their polarity (negative/positive), followed by a number to indicate their latency in milliseconds (e.g., P300 as it occurs around 300 milliseconds) or their position in the sequence (N1, P2, etc., not shown) [38].