Table 5.

Baseline predictors of change over time in Health Literacy, with time interactions.

Variable	Beta (95% CI)	p-value
Visit
Post-test	0.03 (−0.05, 0.11)	0.429
1 year	−0.12 (−0.21, −0.03)	0.006
2 year	−0.01 (−0.10, 0.08)	0.773
3 year	−0.02 (−0.11, 0.07)	0.689
5 year	−0.02 (−0.12, 0.08)	0.685
10 year	−0.23 (−0.34, −0.11)	< 0.001
Female	0.15 (0.07, 0.22)	< 0.001
Post-test	−0.10 (−0.18, −0.03)	0.005
1 year	0.06 (−0.02, 0.14)	0.120
2 year	0.03 (−0.05, 0.11)	0.471
3 year	0.07 (−0.01, 0.15)	0.087
5 year	0.08 (−0.01, 0.17)	0.086
10 year	0.05 (−0.06, 0.16)	0.396
Blacka	−0.57 (−0.65, −0.48)	< 0.001
Post-test	0.05 (−0.02, 0.12)	0.178
1 year	0.09 (0.01, 0.16)	0.026
2 year	0.12 (0.05, 0.20)	0.002
3 year	0.14 (0.06, 0.22)	0.001
5 year	0.11 (0.02, 0.20)	0.012
10 year	0.13 (0.03, 0.24)	0.014
Age (10 years)	−0.39 (−0.45, −0.33)	< 0.001
Post-test	0.12 (0.07, 0.18)	< 0.001
1 year	0.00 (−0.05, 0.06)	0.910
2 year	−0.01 (−0.07, 0.05)	0.797
3 year	−0.04 (−0.10, 0.02)	0.186
5 year	−0.11 (−0.18, −0.04)	0.001
10 year	−0.21 (−0.30, −0.12)	< 0.001
Education (4 years)	0.34 (0.30, 0.39)	< 0.001
Mini-Mental State Exam	0.16 (0.14, 0.17)	< 0.001
Median neighborhood household income b	0.04 (0.01, 0.07)	0.014
Vision score (10 points)	0.06 (0.04, 0.09)	< 0.001

Notes: Associations between baseline predictors of change over time and health literacy controlled for site and replication code.

^a.Asian, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Biracial and “Other” are grouped with White/Caucasian in this analysis.

^b.Standardized score for median household income in zip code.