Table 1.
Participant characteristics, HIV-status disclosure and depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; EPDS), by intendedness of the current pregnancy
| Variable | Total sample – n (%) |
Pregnancy intention |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unintended – n (%) |
Intended – n (%) |
|||
| Number of women | 350 | 244 | 106 | |
| Participant sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at entry into antenatal care | ||||
| Median [IQR] age in years | 26.9 [23.5, 31.5] | 26.7 [23.1, 31.4] | 27.5 [24.3, 31.6] | 0.268 |
| Educational attainment | ||||
| Primary/some secondary | 241 (69) | 167 (68) | 74 (70) | 0.799 |
| Completed secondary/any tertiary | 109 (31) | 77 (32) | 32 (30) | |
| Currently employed | 146 (42) | 103 (42) | 43 (41) | 0.774 |
| Poverty level (assets + employment) | ||||
| Most disadvantaged | 123 (35) | 88 (36) | 35 (33) | 0.857 |
| Moderately disadvantaged | 116 (33) | 80 (33) | 36 (34) | |
| Least disadvantaged | 111 (32) | 76 (31) | 35 (33) | |
| Married and/or cohabiting | 130 (37) | 72 (30) | 58 (55) | <0.001 |
| First pregnancy | 95 (27) | 65 (27) | 30 (28) | 0.748 |
| Median [IQR] gestation in weeks | 21 [16, 26] | 22 [17, 28] | 20 [15, 24] | 0.006 |
| Median [IQR] CD4 cell count (n=337) | 352 [247, 504] | 352 [248, 513] | 351 [247, 504] | 0.602 |
| HIV-status disclosure | ||||
| Disclosed to male partner by 2nd antenatal visit | 188 (54) | 120 (49) | 68 (64) | 0.010 |
| Disclosed to male partner by 6 weeks postpartum (n=258) | 150 (58) | 101 (54) | 49 (68) | 0.045 |
| Disclosed to male partner by 12 months postpartum (n=213) | 127 (60) | 85 (57) | 42 (67) | 0.175 |
| Disclosed to ≥1 family/community member by 2nd antenatal visit | 202 (58) | 141 (58) | 61 (58) | 0.967 |
| Disclosed to ≥1 family/community member by 6 weeks postpartum (n=258) | 169 (66) | 119 (64) | 50 (69) | 0.407 |
| Disclosed to ≥1 family/community member by 12 months postpartum (n=213) | 155 (73) | 107 (71) | 48 (76) | 0.467 |
| Depressive symptoms | ||||
| EPDS score ≥13 at 2nd antenatal visit | 41 (12) | 30 (12) | 11 (10) | 0.608 |
| EPDS score ≥13 at 6 weeks postpartum (n=258) | 11 (4) | 8 (4) | 3 (4) | 0.962 |
| EPDS score ≥13 at 12 months postpartum (n=213) | 10 (5) | 7 (5) | 3 (5) | 0.976 |