Table 2.

Parent-Reported Receipt of School Services by Children Aged 4 to 17 Years With Current ADHD, by Demographic Subgroups and ADHD Characteristics, NS-DATA 2014.

	School-based educational support	School-based educational support	Classroom management	Classroom management	IEP	504 plan	Any school services
	Ever	Current	Ever	Current	Current	Current	Current
	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)
Overall	80.2 [77.3, 82.8]	62.3 [58.9, 65.6]	59.9 [56.4, 63.2]	32.0 [28.7, 35.4]	42.9 [39.4, 46.4]	13.6 [11.4, 16.2]	69.3 [66.0, 72.4]
Sex
Male	81.1 [77.7, 84.1]	62.9 [58.8, 66.8]	63.2 [59.1, 67.2]	33.9 [30.0, 38.1]	44.8 [40.7, 49.1]	13.2 [10.6, 16.3]	69.8 [65.8, 73.4]
Female	78.0 [72.1, 82.9]	60.9 [54.5, 66.9]	51.9 [45.5, 58.2]	27.3 [21.9, 33.4]	38.0 [32.2, 44.2]	14.7 [10.9, 19.5]	68.2 [61.9, 73.9]
Age group
4-11 years	78.9 [73.6, 83.4]	66.9 [61.1, 72.3]	70.8 [65.2, 75.9]	48.4 [42.3, 54.6]	48.2 [42.1, 54.3]	12.6 [9.1, 17.1]	75.7 [70.3, 80.4]
12-17 years	80.8 [77.2, 84.0]	59.9 [55.6, 64.0]	54.3 [50.0, 58.5]	23.6 [20.2, 27.5]	40.1 [36.0, 44.4]	14.2 [11.5, 17.4]	66.0 [61.8, 70.0]
Race
White	78.9 [75.5, 82.0]	60.8 [56.9, 64.5]	57.5 [53.5, 61.4]	31.4 [27.7, 35.4]	43.6 [39.7, 47.6]	14.0 [11.5, 17.0]	68.2 [64.4, 71.8]
Black	83.0 [74.3, 89.2]	66.1 [56.3, 74.8]	67.3 [57.7, 75.7]	36.0 [27.3, 45.8]	42.7 [33.4, 52.6]	12.7 [7.4, 20.9]	72.7 [63.0, 80.7]
Multiracial/Other	83.7 [74.2, 90.1]	65.3 [54.6, 74.6]	64.1 [53.6, 73.4]	30.6 [22.0, 40.7]	39.2 [29.7, 49.5]	12.9 [7.3, 21.7]	70.2 [59.4, 79.1]
Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic/Latino	79.4 [76.3, 82.2]	62.2 [58.6, 65.7]	60.3 [56.7, 63.8]	31.6 [28.2, 35.2]	43.5 [39.9, 47.2]	13.9 [11.5, 16.6]	69.4 [66.0, 72.7]
Hispanic/Latino	83.8 [74.1, 90.4]	61.4 [50.8, 71.0]	56.1 [45.5, 66.1]	34.0 [24.8, 44.7]	38.3 [28.6, 49.0]	12.4 [7.2, 20.5]	67.4 [56.8, 76.5]
Primary language in the homea
English	80.1 [77.2, 82.8]	61.8 [58.4, 65.1]	60.0 [56.5, 63.3]	32.1 [28.8, 35.6]	43.3 [39.8, 46.8]	14.0 [11.8, 16.6]	69.0 [65.7, 72.2]
Any other language	82.5 [57.2, 94.3]	75.4 [52.2, 89.6]	57.6 [34.0, 78.1]	28.5b [11.4, 55.5]	28.3b [11.0, 55.8]	0.33c [0.04, 2.43]	76.9 [53.4, 90.6]
Poverty status
<100% of FPL	79.2 [71.9, 85.1]	62.3 [54.4, 69.7]	66.4 [58.6, 73.4]	35.3 [28.1, 43.2]	45.9 [38.1, 53.8]	9.3 [5.7, 15.0]	71.6 [63.9, 78.3]
100%-199% of FPL	81.3 [74.6, 86.6]	63.2 [55.5, 70.3]	62.7 [54.9, 69.9]	35.7 [28.6, 43.6]	44.9 [37.4, 52.8]	11.2 [7.2, 17.0]	70.9 [63.4, 77.5]
≥200% of FPL	79.4 [75.6, 82.7]	60.5 [56.1, 64.8]	53.6 [49.0, 58.1]	27.6 [23.6, 32.0]	39.1 [34.8, 43.6]	17.3 [14.0, 21.1]	66.5 [62.1, 70.6]
Highest education in familya
Less than high school	76.6 [62.6, 86.4]	65.4 [51.5, 77.1]	56.0 [42.4, 68.8]	28.2 [17.8, 41.6]	45.3 [32.1, 59.2]	5.6b [1.7, 17.2]	68.4 [54.4, 79.7]
12 years, high school graduate	84.6 [78.4, 89.2]	63.2 [55.4, 70.3]	61.2 [53.5, 68.3]	34.8 [27.8, 42.5]	46.5 [38.8, 54.4]	10.6 [6.6, 16.6]	74.2 [66.7, 80.4]
More than high school	79.0 [75.6, 82.1]	61.5 [57.6, 65.2]	59.9 [56.0, 63.7]	31.4 [27.7, 35.4]	41.1 [37.3, 45.1]	15.9 [13.2, 19.0]	67.6 [63.8, 71.1]
Any health care coverage
Public Insurance	82.0 [77.4, 85.8]	65.1 [59.8, 70.0]	66.1 [60.8, 71.0]	37.5 [32.4, 42.9]	49.5 [44.1, 54.9]	10.0 [7.3, 13.5]	74.5 [69.5, 79.0]
Private Insurance	79.4 [75.6, 82.8]	60.8 [56.4, 65.1]	53.4 [48.8, 58.0]	26.8 [22.8, 31.3]	37.2 [32.9, 41.7]	17.8 [14.5, 21.7]	65.2 [60.7, 69.4]
No Insurance	61.2 [31.3, 84.5]	34.2b [16.0, 58.7]	56.0 [28.1, 80.6]	12.7b [4.8, 29.7]	27.1b [11.6, 51.3]	5.1c [1.2, 19.1]	41.2b [19.9, 66.4]
Continuous insurance over past year
Yes	80.5 [77.5, 83.2]	63.1 [59.5, 66.4]	59.7 [56.1, 63.2]	32.0 [28.6, 35.6]	43.6 [40.0, 47.3]	14.3 [12.0, 17.1]	70.4 [67.0, 73.5]
No	79.1 [63.5, 89.2]	56.7 [41.1, 71.1]	58.2 [42.5, 72.4]	34.9 [22.1, 50.4]	36.7 [23.4, 52.4]	7.7b [3.0, 18.1]	60.3 [44.3, 74.4]
Regiona
Northeast	83.3 [74.6, 89.4]	68.6 [59.7, 76.3]	57.5 [48.4, 66.2]	32.5 [24.5, 41.7]	46.7 [38.0, 55.6]	14.4 [9.8, 20.5]	74.5 [65.7, 81.7]
Midwest	79.8 [74.2, 84.5]	64.2 [57.6, 70.3]	61.3 [54.6, 67.6]	36.0 [29.4, 43.1]	48.1 [41.3, 55.0]	9.2 [6.0, 13.8]	71.1 [64.9, 76.7]
South	78.7 [74.0, 82.8]	62.3 [56.9, 67.3]	61.4 [56.0, 66.4]	32.6 [27.5, 38.1]	40.6 [35.3, 46.2]	15.6 [12.0, 20.1]	69.3 [64.0, 74.1]
West	81.6 [74.5, 87.1]	54.6 [46.6, 62.3]	56.5 [48.2, 64.5]	25.0 [18.9, 32.3]	38.3 [31.0, 46.2]	13.9 [9.3, 20.3]	62.6 [54.5, 70.0]
Current ADHD severity
Mild	76.7 [71.1, 81.5]	53.3 [47.3, 59.3]	49.6 [43.5, 55.7]	20.4 [15.8, 25.8]	33.1 [27.6, 39.0]	12.5 [8.8, 17.3]	58.0 [51.9, 63.9]
Moderate	79.6 [75.5, 83.2]	63.0 [58.2, 67.6]	59.8 [54.8, 64.5]	34.5 [29.8, 39.5]	44.6 [39.7, 49.6]	13.3 [10.3, 16.9]	71.2 [66.6, 75.4]
Severe	87.6 [80.3, 92.4]	74.3 [65.9, 81.3]	76.3 [68.4, 82.8]	44.1 [35.9, 52.6]	53.4 [44.9, 61.7]	16.6 [11.5, 23.3]	82.0 [73.7, 88.1]
Current ADHD symptom presentation
Combined	83.4 [77.6, 87.9]	69.6 [62.9, 75.6]	74.5 [68.2, 80.0]	46.9 [40.0, 54.0]	51.5 [44.6, 58.4]	12.9 [9.1, 18.0]	76.8 [70.3, 82.2]
Inattentive	81.2 [75.7, 85.7]	63.4 [57.1, 69.2]	55.7 [49.5, 61.7]	26.3 [21.1, 32.2]	39.9 [33.9, 46.2]	17.3 [13.2, 22.3]	69.9 [63.8, 75.4]
Hyperactive/impulsive	64.5 [47.2, 78.7]	47.0 [32.0, 62.6]	72.2 [56.0, 84.2]	30.9 [18.4, 46.9]	29.9 [18.2, 45.0]	8.8b [3.4, 20.9]	57.2 [40.6, 72.2]
Subthreshold	79.0 [74.3, 83.1]	57.8 [52.2, 63.1]	50.7 [45.1, 56.3]	25.9 [21.1, 31.4]	40.3 [34.9, 46.0]	11.7 [8.4, 16.1]	64.7 [59.2, 69.8]
Age at diagnosis
Diagnosed before 6 years	82.6 [77.1, 87.1]	69.2 [63.0, 74.7]	75.5 [69.8, 80.4]	45.0 [38.7, 51.5]	55.4 [48.9, 61.7]	13.1 [9.4, 18.0]	77.7 [71.9, 82.7]
Diagnosed at 6-10 years	79.9 [76.1, 83.2]	60.2 [55.7, 64.5]	54.1 [49.6, 58.6]	27.5 [23.5, 31.8]	39.2 [34.9, 43.7]	14.6 [11.7, 18.0]	66.8 [62.4, 70.9]
Diagnosed at or after 11 years	72.8 [61.8, 82.6]	51.4 [39.7, 62.9]	39.8 [28.8, 52.1]	14.6 [7.4, 26.6]	21.4 [13.3, 32.7]	9.9 [5.6, 16.8]	55.0 [43.2, 66.3]
Person first concerned with behavior/attention/performance
Family member	78.8 [75.1, 82.1]	61.5 [57.3, 65.6]	61.3 [57.1, 65.4]	33.8 [29.7, 38.2]	43.4 [39.2, 47.7]	12.9 [10.4, 16.0]	68.9 [64.7, 72.7]
School/daycare staff member	82.6 [77.2, 87.0]	60.8 [54.2, 67.0]	53.6 [47.1, 60.0]	27.4 [22.0, 33.6]	38.8 [32.7, 45.2]	15.7 [11.4, 21.2]	68.1 [61.7, 73.9]
Doctor or other health care professional	89.0 [70.3, 96.5]	72.4 [50.8, 86.9]	74.7 [54.5, 87.9]	25.5 [12.0, 46.1]	50.8 [30.4, 70.9]	6.0b [2.3, 14.7]	72.8 [51.1, 87.3]
Someone else	79.5 [58.6, 91.4]	77.7 [57.4, 90.0]	73.3 [53.9, 86.6]	34.5 [19.7, 53.0]	57.5 [38.0, 74.9]	11.2b [4.1, 27.1]	80.6 [59.6, 92.1]
Before diagnosis, concern with behavior at home
Yes	78.7 [75.0, 82.0]	62.8 [58.6, 66.9]	64.0 [59.8, 67.9]	36.1 [32.0, 40.5]	43.6 [39.3, 48.0]	13.2 [10.7, 16.2]	70.3 [66.1, 74.1]
No	83.0 [78.1, 86.9]	60.9 [55.0, 66.6]	51.8 [45.8, 57.7]	23.9 [19.1, 29.4]	41.1 [35.3, 47.1]	14.6 [10.7, 19.7]	67.2 [61.4, 72.6]
Before diagnosis, concern with behavior at school/daycare
Yes	80.2 [77.0, 83.1]	63.4 [59.7, 67.0]	64.0 [60.2, 67.6]	34.5 [30.9, 38.4]	45.1 [41.3, 49.0]	13.3 [10.9, 16.2]	70.8 [67.2, 74.1]
No	80.2 [72.6, 86.1]	57.1 [48.9, 64.8]	41.2 [33.5, 49.4]	20.7 [14.9, 28.0]	32.2 [25.3, 40.0]	15.1 [10.3, 21.5]	62.6 [54.3, 70.3]
Before diagnosis, concern with school performance
Yes	81.3 [77.9, 84.2]	63.1 [59.1, 66.9]	60.0 [56.0, 63.8]	31.8 [28.0, 35.7]	42.6 [38.7, 46.7]	14.2 [11.6, 17.2]	69.8 [66.0, 73.4]
No	77.2 [71.0, 82.4]	59.7 [52.9, 66.1]	59.5 [52.5, 66.1]	32.7 [26.3, 39.8]	42.6 [35.9, 49.6]	12.3 [8.7, 17.1]	67.0 [60.2, 73.1]
Before diagnosis, concern with peer relationships
Yes	81.7 [77.9, 85.0]	66.4 [62.0, 70.6]	69.3 [64.9, 73.3]	39.4 [34.9, 44.1]	49.8 [45.2, 54.5]	12.4 [9.7, 15.7]	73.6 [69.4, 77.5]
No	78.0 [73.3, 82.1]	56.3 [51.0, 61.5]	46.5 [41.2, 51.9]	21.4 [17.2, 26.2]	32.9 [28.1, 38.0]	15.4 [12.0, 19.6]	63.1 [57.8, 68.1]
Current externalizing condition
Yes	83.9 [76.4, 89.4]	72.4 [64.0, 79.4]	73.5 [64.7, 80.8]	49.4 [40.6, 58.3]	52.5 [43.7, 61.3]	10.0 [6.1, 16.2]	82.4 [75.0, 88.0]
No	79.1 [75.8, 82.1]	60.0 [56.1, 63.7]	56.1 [52.3, 59.9]	27.7 [24.4, 31.4]	40.4 [36.7, 44.2]	14.7 [12.1, 17.6]	66.4 [62.6, 69.9]
Current internalizing condition
Yes	85.9 [80.8, 89.8]	71.9 [66.0, 77.2]	72.4 [66.6, 77.6]	45.1 [38.9, 51.5]	55.1 [48.7, 61.3]	11.6 [8.5, 15.6]	79.1 [73.5, 83.9]
No	77.4 [73.8, 80.7]	57.6 [53.4, 61.7]	53.8 [49.6, 57.9]	25.7 [22.1, 29.6]	36.9 [32.9, 41.0]	14.6 [11.8, 17.9]	64.5 [60.4, 68.4]
Current learning or cognitive disorder
Yes	96.1 [93.3, 97.7]	86.6 [82.0, 90.1]	73.2 [67.9, 78.0]	48.6 [42.7, 54.5]	69.7 [63.9, 75.0]	11.2 [8.0, 15.5]	92.7 [89.1, 95.2]
No	70.4 [66.2, 74.3]	47.8 [43.4, 52.2]	51.9 [47.4, 56.2]	22.1 [18.5, 26.1]	26.8 [23.0, 30.9]	15.0 [12.2, 18.4]	55.0 [50.6, 59.3]
Current autism spectrum disorder or pervasive developmental disorder
Yes	96.3 [89.1, 98.8]	92.5 [86.7, 95.9]	86.2 [78.3, 91.5]	60.2 [50.5, 69.2]	81.3 [73.0, 87.5]	11.7 [6.8, 19.2]	96.7 [94.4, 98.1]
No	77.6 [74.4, 80.6]	57.4 [53.7, 61.0]	55.6 [51.8, 59.3]	27.4 [24.1, 31.0]	36.6 [33.0, 40.3]	14.0 [11.6, 16.8]	64.9 [61.2, 68.4]
Impairment type
Academic and social impairment	90.0 [86.3, 92.8]	75.1 [69.7, 79.7]	73.1 [67.6, 77.9]	43.9 [38.1, 49.9]	56.6 [50.7, 62.3]	17.0 [12.9, 22.0]	82.8 [77.9, 86.7]
Academic impairment only	81.6 [77.0, 85.5]	62.7 [57.4, 67.8]	56.2 [50.8, 61.4]	28.6 [23.9, 33.9]	38.6 [33.5, 43.9]	12.2 [9.4, 15.8]	67.8 [62.5, 72.6]
Social impairment only	61.6 [46.8, 74.5]	43.1 [29.5, 57.8]	51.0 [36.5, 65.3]	27.9 [16.8, 42.7]	47.9 [33.4, 62.7]	6.1b [3.1, 12.0]	56.5 [41.5, 70.4]
No impairment	58.7 [49.2, 67.5]	35.8 [27.4, 45.2]	39.3 [30.6, 48.8]	11.7 [6.9, 19.4]	18.6 [12.2, 27.4]	12.3 [7.3, 20.1]	43.9 [34.8, 53.3]

Note. Estimates in bold indicate a chi-square test p value < .05. Figures in bold indicate statistically significant CIs. NS-DATA = National Survey of the Diagnosis and Treatment of ADHD and Tourette Syndrome; IEP = individualized education program; CI = confidence intervals; FPL = federal poverty level; NSCH = National Survey of Children’s Health.

^aIndicator collected during 2011-2012 NSCH interview.

^bEstimate is unstable and may be unreliable. It has a relative SE between 30% and 50% and should be interpreted with caution.

^cEstimate is unreliable. It has a relative SE larger than 50% and should not be used except for inferential statistics (e.g., comparisons with other estimates).