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. 2019 Jun 4;10:1241. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01241

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Copyright © 2019 Yang, Pan, Chen, Yang, Liu and Jian.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Spatial and developmental expression of HaGland5 of Heterodera avenae. (A) A digoxigenin-labeled antisense HaGland5 cDNA probe localized HaGland5 transcripts within the dorsal gland cell of the pre-parasitic J2 stages. The dorsal gland (DG), metacorpus (M), and stylet (S) are indicated with arrows. (B) Life stage expression of HaGland5. The relative expression level of HaGland5 was quantified using quantitative RT-PCR of six different H. avenae life stages: egg, pre-parasitic second-stage juvenile (pre-J2), parasitic second-, third-, fourth-stage juveniles (par-J2, J3, J4), and female. Housekeeping gene GAPDH-1 was used as a reference gene. The values were calculated using the 2^-ΔΔCt method and presented as the fold-change in mRNA level in various nematode developmental stages relative to that of egg. Means ± SD are shown. The results shown are representative of at least three independent experiments.