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. 2019 Jun 4;10:739. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00739

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Copyright © 2019 Xu, Xie, Wu, Wang and He.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Defensive response of mazie grown under different levels of CO₂ and nitrogen fertilization conditions (mean ± SE, n = 3). (A) Peroxidase (POD) activity, (B) polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, (C) catalase (CAT) activity, (D) phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, and (E) proteinase inhibitors (PIs).