Table 4. Recorded side effecls per monotherapy.
Side effects | Monotherapy |
||
---|---|---|---|
Modafinil (n = 117) |
Methylphenidate (n = 40) |
Amphetamines (n = 16) |
|
Cardiac | |||
Hypertension | 3 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Palpitations | 10 (8.9%) | 3 (7.5%) | 1 (6.2%) |
Gastrointestinal | |||
Constipation | 1 (0.89%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Dyspepsia | 4 (3.6%) | 1 (2.5%) | 2 (12.5%) |
Faecal incontinence | 1 (0.89%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Nausea | 4 (3.6%) | 1 (2.5%) | 1 (6.2%) |
Vomit | 1 (0.89%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
General | |||
Asthaenia (fatigue) | 1 (0.89%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Neurological | |||
Dizziness | 0 (0%) | 4 (10%) | 0 (0%) |
Headache | 17 (15.2%) | 1 (2.5%) | 2 (12.5%) |
Impaired concentration | 3 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Muscle cramps | 2 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Psychiatric | |||
Anxiety | 5 (4.4%) | 6 (15%) | 0 (0%) |
Hallucinations | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Mood swings | 12 (10.7%) | 5 (12.5%) | 1 (6.2%) |
Psychosis | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (6.2%) |
Suicidal ideation | 1 (0.89%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Shin | |||
Skin rash | 3 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Sleep disorders | |||
Enuresis | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Insomnia | 4 (3.6%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) |
Sleepwalking | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Dose (mg)* | |||
Side effect occurred | 285.8 ± 102.5 | 22.4 ± 12.6 | 25.0 ± 16.1 |
No side effect | 283.3 ± 122.8 | 21.3 ± 12.3 | 18.0 ± 12.3 |
Patients could have presented with more than one side effect for each drug.
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Comparison between drug doses based on the occurrence or not of a side effect: modafinil, P = 0.800; methylphenidale, P = 0.826; amphetamines, P = 0.675.