Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of included studies.
| References | Duration of follow-up* | Age | Male proportion (%) | NO. of AP episodes per person | Criteria for SAP | Glucose measurement | Total no. of subjects** | No. of DM | No. of insulin use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ohlsen, 1968 | NR | 51 | 39.1 | 1 | NR | IV GTT | 23 | 0 | 0 |
| Johansen and Ornsholt, 1972 | 24 | 37 | 41.7 | >1 | NR | OGTT | 22 | 4 | NR |
| Olszewski et al., 1978 | 12 | 41 | 72 | NR | NR | OGTT, BI | 25 | 7 | NR |
| Seligson et al., 1982 | 63 | 55 | 77.8 | >1 | NR | OGTT | 9 | 2 | NR |
| Angelini et al., 1984 | 25, 40 | NR | 88.9 | 1 | NR | OGTT | 19 | 1 | NR |
| Eriksson et al., 1992 | 74 | 43 | 66.7 | >1 | NR | OGTT | 36 | 19 | 9 |
| Angelini et al., 1993 | 53 | NR | NR | >1 | NR | OGTT | 118 | 9 | NR |
| Doepel et al., 1993 | 74 | 49 | 67.6 | NR | Multiple organ failure with hemorrhagic and/or necrotic pancreatitis | BG, HbA1c, OGTT | 37 | 20 | 9 |
| Malecka-Panas et al., 1996 | 48 to 84 | 43.5 | 70.2 | 1 | NR | OGTT | 47 | 8 | NR |
| Appelros et al., 2001 | 83 | 59 | 65.8 | >1 | Atlanta criteria | Questionnaire, BG, HbA1c | 35 | 15 | 9 |
| Ibars et al., 2002 | 1, 6, 12 | 62 | 27 | NR | Atlanta criteria | OGTT, Arginine test | 55 | 6 | NR |
| Malecka-Panas et al., 2002 | 56 | 47 | 67.1 | >1 | Ranson criteria | OGTT, Insulin test | 82 | 13 | 6 |
| Boreham and Ammori, 2003 | 3 | 55, median | 56.5 | 1 | Atlanta criteria | FBG | 23 | 4 | 1 |
| Halonen et al., 2003 | 66 | 44 | 82.8 | >1 | Atlanta criteria | Questionnaire | 145 | 68 | NR |
| Szentkereszty et al., 2004 | 38 | 46 | 76 | >1 | NR | Questionnaire | 22 | 3 | NR |
| Hochman et al., 2006 | 24, 36 | 62 | 57.1 | NR | Ranson criteria | Questionnaire | 25 | 8 | 5 |
| Kaya et al., 2007 | 12 | 55 | 51.3 | NR | NR | OGTT | 112 | 13 | NR |
| Yasuda et al., 2008 | 56 | 52 | 81.3 | >1 | JSS | FBG | 41 | 16 | 4 |
| Pelli et al., 2009 | 23, median | 49, median | 87 | >1 | Atlanta criteria | OGTT, HbA1c | 46 | 5 | NR |
| Gupta et al., 2009 | 31 | 38 | 80 | >1 | Atlanta criteria | FBG, PBG, OGTT | 30 | 6 | 6 |
| Andersson et al., 2010 | 45 | 59 | 40 | 1 | Atlanta criteria | FBG, Insulin, OGTT | 39 | 9 | NR |
| Uomo et al., 2010 | 179 | 48 | 42.5 | NR | NR | FBG, OGTT | 38 | 6 | NR |
| Garip et al., 2013 | 32 | 56.5 | 53.2 | NR | APACHE II ≥ 8 | FBG, OGTT | 96 | 33 | NR |
| Vujasinovic et al., 2014 | 32 | 56.5 | 65 | >1 | NR | FBG, OGTT | 100 | 14 | NR |
| Chandrasekaran et al., 2015 | 26.2 | 36.8 | 80.6 | >1 | Atlanta criteria | OGTT | 35 | 17 | 12 |
| Ho et al., 2015 | >24 | 50.2 | 70.6 | >1 | Atlanta criteria | Medical reports | 12284 | 618 | NR |
| Winter Gasparoto et al., 2015 | 34.8 | 56.2 | 48 | 1 | NR | OGTT, HOMA-IR | 16 | 5 | NR |
| Umapathy et al., 2016 | >12 | 50.7 | 68 | >1 | NR | Medical reports | 73 | 33 | NR |
| Vipperla et al., 2016 | 34.5 | 53.4 | 63 | >1 | NR | Medical reports | 101 | 28 | NR |
| Nikkola et al., 2017 | 126 | 48 | 90 | >1 | Atlanta criteria | Medical reports | 47 | 7 | NR |
| Tu et al., 2017 | 42.9 | 47.2 | 66.4 | >1 | Atlanta criteria | OGTT, HbA1c | 113 | 34 | NR |
AP, Acute pancreatitis; SAP, Severe acute pancreatitis; GTT, Glucose tolerance test; OGTT, Oral glucose tolerance test; BG, Blood glucose; FBG, Fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, Glycohaemoglobin A1c; NR, Not reported; JSS, Japanese severity score.
*
The duration of following up was presented as average if not stated as median or a range.
**
Total number of subjects excluding pre-existing diabetes before acute pancreatitis.