Table 3.

Multivariable Cox regression analysis of survival outcomes in patients with UTUC

Characteristic	Overall survival			Cancer‐specific survival			Recurrence‐free survival
	HR	95% CI	P	HR	95% CI	P	HR	95% CI	P
Tumor grade (high vs low)	1.736	1.188‐2.537	0.004	1.944	1.235‐3.061	0.004	1.483	1.066‐2.064	0.019
Tumor stage, n (%)			<0.001			0.001			<0.001
Tis, Ta, T1	1	Reference		1	Reference		1	Reference
T2 vs Tis, Ta, T1	1.203	0.757‐1.914	0.434	1.101	0.641‐1.893	0.727	1.168	0.774‐1.763	0.459
T3 vs Tis, Ta, T1	1.889	1.233‐2.895	0.003	1.860	1.142‐3.028	0.013	1.834	1.256‐2.679	0.002
T4 vs Tis, Ta, T1	2.837	1.710‐4.705	<0.001	2.723	1.536‐4.828	0.001	3.008	1.892‐4.780	<0.001
Lymph node status, n (%)			<0.001			<0.001			<0.001
pN0	1	Reference		1	Reference		1	Reference
pNx vs pN0	2.005	1.297‐3.098	0.002	1.995	1.212‐3.284	0.007	1.930	1.294‐2.880	0.001
pN+ vs pN0	3.174	1.877‐5.367	<0.001	3.460	1.933‐6.193	<0.001	3.348	2.043‐5.486	<0.001
LVI (positive vs negative)	1.079	0.783‐1.487	0.643	1.101	0.778‐1.560	0.586	0.961	0.702‐1.315	0.801
Tumor size (>3 vs ≤3cm)	1.717	1.273‐2.318	<0.001	1.717	1.226‐2.404	0.002	1.603	1.220‐2.106	0.001
Surgical margin status (positive vs negative)	1.126	0.762‐1.662	0.552	1.191	0.785‐1.809	0.411	1.046	0.713‐1.533	0.819
Sessile vs papillary	1.520	1.043‐2.215	0.029	1.737	1.110‐2.718	0.016	1.415	1.011‐1.979	0.043
CVH (with vs without)	1.392	1.060‐1.827	0.017	1.435	1.064‐1.934	0.018	1.291	0.996‐1.674	0.054
PNI (<46.91 vs ≥46.91)	1.777	1.383‐2.284	<0.001	1.850	1.399‐2.445	<0.001	1.554	1.229‐1.964	<0.001

Abbreviations: RNU, radical nephroureterectomy; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; CVH, concomitant variant histology.