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. 2019 Jun 10;19:507. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4086-0

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Flow diagram of the recruitment process. In probability proportional to size sampling, 960 pairs of children and mothers selected from 40 villages. After exclusion of 49 pairs, data for 911 pairs were analyzed in this study